英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

justice (n.)[justice 词源字典]: mid-12c., "the exercise of authority in vindication of right by assigning reward or punishment;" also "quality of being fair and just," from Old French justice "justice, legal rights, jurisdiction" (11c.), from Latin iustitia "righteousness, equity," from iustus "upright, just" (see just (adj.)). The Old French word had widespread senses, including "uprightness, equity, vindication of right, court of justice, judge." The word began to be used in English c. 1200 as a title for a judicial officer. Meaning "right order, equity" is late 14c. Justice of the peace first attested early 14c. In the Mercian hymns, Latin iustitia is glossed by Old English rehtwisnisse. To do justice to (someone or something) "render fully and fairly showing due appreciation" is from 1670s.[justice etymology, justice origin, 英语词源]
justiciable (adj.): mid-15c., from Old French justisable "amenable to a jurisdiction," from justicier, from Latin iustitia (see justice).
justifiability (n.): 1835, from justifiable + -ity.
justifiable (adj.): 1520s, from Old French justifiable, from justifiier (see justify). Earlier in same sense was justificable (mid-15c.). Related: Justifiably (mid-15c.).
justification (n.): late 14c., "administration of justice," from Late Latin iustificationem (nominative iustificatio), noun of action from past participle stem of iustificare (see justify). Meaning "action of justifying" is from late 15c. Theological sense is from 1520s.
justified (adj.): 1580s, "made right," past participle adjective from justify. Typesetting sense is from 1670s.
justify (v.): c. 1300, "to administer justice;" late 14c., "to show (something) to be just or right," from Old French justifiier "submit to court proceedings" (12c.), from Latin iustificare "act justly toward, make just," from iustificus "dealing justly, righteous," from iustus "just" (see just (adj.)) + root of facere "to do" (see factitious). Of circumstances, "to afford justification," from 1630s. Meaning "to make exact" (now largely restricted to typesetting) is from 1550s. Related: Justified; justifying.
Justin: masc. proper name, from Latin Iustinus, literally "just," from iustus (see just (adj.)).
Justine: fem. proper name, fem. of Latin Iustinus (see Justin).
justly (adv.): early 14c., "in an adjacent position, closely," from just (adj.) + -ly (2). Meanings "truthfully, honestly," "in an equitable manner, with justice, fairly" are from late 14c. Sense of "justifiably, with good reason" is from c. 1400; that of "legally, legitimately, rightfully" is early 15c.
justness (n.): early 15c., from just (adj.) + -ness.
jut (v.1): "to protrude," mid-15c., corruption of obsolete jet (see jetty). Related: Jutted; jutting.
jut (v.2): "to strike, hit, push," 1540s, echoic. Related: Jutted; jutting.
jute (n.): plant fiber, 1746, from Bengali jhuto, from Sanskrit juta-s "twisted hair," related to jata "braid of hair," of unknown origin, probably from a non-Indo-European language.
Jute: Old English Eotas, one of the ancient Germanic inhabitants of Jutland in Denmark; traditionally they were said to have settled in Kent and Hampshire during the 5c. invasion of Britain. The name is related to Old Norse Iotar.
juvenal: 1580s (n.), 1630s (adj.), from Latin iuvenalis "of or belonging to youth," from iuvenis "a young person" (see young). The Roman satirist is Decimius Junius Juvenalis.
juvenescence (n.): 1800; see juvenescent + -ence.
juvenescent (adj.): 1821, from Latin iuvenescentem (nominative iuvenescens), present participle of iuvenescere "to grow into youth," from iuvenis "young" (see young).
juvenile (adj.): 1620s, from Latin iuvenilis "of or belonging to youth," from iuvenis "young person," originally "young" (compare French jeune; see young). Juvenile delinquency first recorded 1816; Juvenile delinquent the following year.
juvenilia (n.): "works of a person's youth," 1620s, from Latin iuvenilia, neuter plural of iuvenilis (see juvenile).