英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

jun [jun 词源字典]: old abbreviation of junior.[jun etymology, jun origin, 英语词源]
junco (n.): 1706, from Spanish junco "reed, bush," as in junco ave "reed sparrow," a bird of the Indies.
junction (n.): 1711, "act of joining," from Latin iunctionem (nominative iunctio), noun of action from past participle stem of iungere "to join together" (see jugular). Meaning "place where things meet" first attested 1836, American English, originally in reference to railroad tracks.
juncture (n.): late 14c., "place where two things are joined," from Latin iunctura "a joining, uniting, a joint," from iunctus, past participle of iungere "to join" (see jugular). Sense of "point in time" first recorded 1650s, probably from astrology.
June: c. 1100, from Latin Iunius (mensis), probably a variant of Iunonius, "sacred to Juno" (see Juno). Replaced Old English liðe se ærra "earlier mildness."
Juneau: city in Alaska, settled 1881 and named for prospector Joe Juneau.
junebug (n.): also june bug, 1829, name for various beetles which emerge in adult form and are active in June, first attested in Southern U.S. dialect, from June + bug (n.).
Jungian (adj.): 1933, "of or pertaining to the psychoanalytic school of Dr. Carl Gustav Jung" (1875-1961); for suffix, see -ian.
jungle (n.): 1776, from Hindi jangal "desert, forest, wasteland, uncultivated ground," from Sanskrit jangala-s "arid, sparsely grown with trees," of unknown origin. Specific sense of "land overgrown by vegetation in a wild, tangled mass" is first recorded 1849; meaning "place notoriously lawless and violent" is first recorded 1906, from Upton Sinclair's novel (compare asphalt jungle, 1949, William R. Burnett's novel title, made into a film 1950 by John Huston; blackboard jungle, 1954, Evan Hunter's novel title, movie in 1955). Jungle gym was a trademark name, 1923, by Junglegym Inc., Chicago, U.S. Jungle bunny, derogatory for "black person," attested from 1966.
junior (adj.): late 13c., from Latin iunior, comparative of iuvenis "young, young man" (see young). Used after a person's name to mean "the younger of two" from late 13c. Abbreviation Jr. is attested from 1620s. Meaning "of lesser standing, more recent" is from 1766. That of "meant for younger people, of smaller size" is from 1860. Junior college first attested 1896; junior high school is from 1909. Junior miss "young teenage girl" is from 1907.
The junior high school is rapidly becoming the people's high school. The percentage of pupils completing the ninth year is constantly rising where junior high schools have been established. [Anne Laura McGregor, "Supervised Study in English for Junior High School Grades," New York, 1921]
junior (n.): 1520s, from junior (adj.).
juniority (n.): 1590s, from junior + -ity.
juniper (n.): "evergreen shrub," late 14c., from Latin iuniperus (source of French genièvre, Spanish enebro, Portuguese zimbro, Italian ginepro), of uncertain origin, perhaps related to iunco "reed." Watkins has it from PIE *yoini-paros "bearing juniper berries," from *yoi-ni- "juniper berry." Applied to various North American species from 1748. In the Bible, it renders Hebrew rethem, the name of a white-flowered shrub unrelated to the European evergreen.
Junius: masc. proper name, from Latin Junius, name of a Roman gens. The pseudonym of the author of a famous series of letters in the "Public Advertiser" from 1768-1772.
junk (n.1): "worthless stuff," mid-14c., junke "old cable or rope" (nautical), of uncertain origin, perhaps from Old French junc "rush, reed," also used figuratively as a type of something of little value, from Latin iuncus "rush, reed" (but OED finds "no evidence of connexion"). Nautical use extended to "old refuse from boats and ships" (1842), then to "old or discarded articles of any kind" (1884). Junk food is from 1971; junk art is from 1966; junk mail first attested 1954.
junk (n.2): "Chinese sailing ship," 1610s, from Portuguese junco, from Malay jong "ship, large boat" (13c.), probably from Javanese djong.
junk (v.): 1803, "to cut off in lumps," from junk (n.1). The meaning "to throw away as trash, to scrap" is from 1908. Related: Junked; junking.
New settlers (who should always be here as early in the spring as possible) begin to cut down the wood where they intend to erect their first house. As the trees are cut the branches are to be lopped off, and the trunks cut into lengths of 12 or 14 feet. This operation they call junking them; if they are not junked before fire is applied, they are much worse to junk afterwards. [letter dated Charlotte Town, Nov. 29, 1820, in "A Series of Letters Descriptive of Prince Edward Island," 1822]
junker (n.): "young German noble," 1550s, from German Junker, from Old High German juncherro, literally "young lord," from junc "young" (see young) + herro "lord" (see Herr). Pejorative sense of "reactionary younger member of the Prussian aristocracy" (1865) dates from Bismarck's domestic policy.
junket (n.): late 14c., "basket in which fish are caught or carried," from Medieval Latin iuncata "rush basket," perhaps from Latin iuncus "rush." Shifted meaning by 1520s to "feast, banquet," probably via notion of a picnic basket, which led to extended sense of "pleasure trip" (1814), and then to "tour by government official at public expense for no discernable public benefit" (by 1886, American English). Compare Italian cognate giuncata "cream cheese" (originally made in a rush basket), a sense of junket also found in Middle English and preserved lately in dialects.
junkie (n.): "drug addict," 1923, from junk (n.1) in the narcotics sense + -y (3). Junker in the same sense is recorded from 1922. Junk for "narcotic" is older.