英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

jubilation (n.)[jubilation 词源字典]: late 14c., from Old French jubilacion "jubilation, rejoicing," and directly from Latin jubilationem (nominative jubilatio), noun of action from past participle stem of jubilare (see jubilant).[jubilation etymology, jubilation origin, 英语词源]
jubilee (n.): late 14c., in the Old Testament sense, from Old French jubileu "jubille; anniversary; rejoicing," from Late Latin jubilaeus "the jubilee year," originally an adjective, "of the jubilee," altered (by association with Latin jubilare "to shout with joy") from Greek iabelaios, from iobelos, from Hebrew yobhel "jubilee," formerly "a trumpet, ram's horn," literally "ram."

The original notion was of a year of emancipation of slaves and restoration of lands, to be celebrated every 50th year (Levit. xxv:9); it was proclaimed by the sounding of a ram's horn on the Day of Atonement. The Catholic Church sense of "a period for remission of sin penalties in exchange for pilgrimages, alms, etc." was begun in 1300 by Boniface VIII. The general sense of "season of rejoicing" is first recorded mid-15c., though through early 20c. the word kept its specific association with 50th anniversaries. As a type of African-American folk song, it is attested from 1872.
Judah: masc. proper name, biblical son of Jacob by Leah, also the name of a tribe of Israel, from Hebrew Yehudah, from stem of y-d-h, literally "praised."
Judaic (adj.): 1610s, from Middle French judaïque (15c.), and directly from Latin Iudaicus, from Greek Ioudaikos, from Ioudaios "Jew" (see Jew). Earlier in same sense was Judaical (late 15c.).
Judaism (n.): c. 1400 (attested in Anglo-Latin from mid-13c.), from Old French Judaisme and directly from Late Latin Judaismus (Tertullian), from Greek Ioudaismos, from Ioudaios "Jew" (see Jew). The Anglo-Latin reference is from a special tax levied on the Jews of England. Earlier in same sense was Juhede "Jewish faith, Judaism," literally "Jew-hood" (early 14c.).
Judas: biblical betrayer of Christ, Latin form of Greek Ioudas, from Hebrew Yehudha (see Judah). As a name for a malicious traitor, it is attested from late 15c. Judas priest as an exclamation in place of "Jesus Christ" is from 1914. Judas tree (1660s) supposedly was the type from which Judas hanged himself. The Judas goat (1941) leads sheep to the shackling pen.
Jude: masc. proper name, Hellenized form of Judah (q.v.), maintained in the Bible for the names of two disciples of Christ, to distinguish them from Judas (q.v.).
Judea: from Latin Judaea, from Judah (see Judah).
judge (v.): c. 1300, "to form an opinion about; make a decision," also "to try and pronounce sentence upon (someone) in a court," from Anglo-French juger, Old French jugier "to judge, pronounce judgment; pass an opinion on," from Latin iudicare "to judge, to examine officially; form an opinion upon; pronounce judgment," from iudicem (nominative iudex) "a judge," a compound of ius "right, law" (see just (adj.)) + root of dicere "to say" (see diction). Related: Judged; judging. From mid-14c. as "to regard, consider." The Old English word was deman (see doom). Spelling with -dg- emerged mid-15c.
judge (n.): mid-14c. (early 13c. as a surname), also judge-man; see judge (v.). In Hebrew history, it refers to a war leader vested with temporary power (as in Book of Judges), from Latin iudex being used to translate Hebrew shophet.
judgement (n.): see judgment. Related: Judgemental.
judgeship (n.): 1670s, from judge (n.) + -ship.
judgment (n.): mid-13c., "action of trying at law, trial," also "capacity for making decisions," from Old French jugement "legal judgment; diagnosis; the Last Judgment" (11c.), from jugier (see judge (v.)). From late 13c. as "penalty imposed by a court;" early 14c. as "any authoritative decision, verdict." From c. 1300 in referfence to the Last Judgment. Also from c. 1300 as "opinion." Sense of "discernment" is first recorded 1530s.
judgmental (adj.): 1892, from judgment + -al (1). Meaning "inclined to make moral judgments" is attested from 1952. Related: Judgmentally.
judicable (adj.): 1640s, from Late Latin iudicabilis, from iudicare "to judge," which is related to iudicem (see judge (v.)).
judication (n.): 1620s, from Latin iudicationem (nominative iudicatio), noun of action from past participle stem of iudicare "to judge," related to iudicem (see judge (v.)).
judicative (adj.): 1640s, from Latin iudicat-, past participle stem of iudicare "to judge," which is related to iudicem (see judge (v.)) + -ive.
judicatory (n.): 1570s, from French judicatoire, from Late Latin iudicatorius "judicial, pertaining to judgment," from iudicat-, past participle stem of Latin iudicare "to judge" (see judge (v.)).
judicature (n.): 1520s, from Medieval Latin iudicatura, from iudicat-, past participle stem of Latin iudicare "to judge" (see judge (v.)).
judicial (adj.): late 14c., from Latin iudicalis "of or belonging to a court of justice," from iudicium "judgment, decision," from iudicem (see judge (v.)). Related: Judicially.