quword 趣词
Word Origins Dictionary
- inflict (v.)[inflict 词源字典]
- 1560s, from Latin inflictus, past participle of infligere "to strike or dash against," from in- "on, against" (see in- (2)) + fligere (past participle flictus) "to dash, strike" (see afflict). You inflict trouble on someone; you afflict someone with trouble. Shame on you.[inflict etymology, inflict origin, 英语词源]
- infliction (n.)
- 1530s, from Late Latin inflictionem (nominative inflictio) "an inflicting, a striking against," noun of action from past participle stem of Latin infligere (see inflict).
- inflight (adj.)
- also in-flight, "during a flight," 1945, from in + flight.
- inflorescence (n.)
- 1760, from Modern Latin inflorescentia, from Late Latin inflorescentem (nominative inflorescens) "flowering," present participle of Latin inflorescere "to come to flower," from in- "in" (see in- (2)) + florescere "to begin to bloom" (see flourish).
- inflow (n.)
- 1839, from in + flow (n.).
- influence (n.)
- late 14c., an astrological term, "streaming ethereal power from the stars acting upon character or destiny of men," from Old French influence "emanation from the stars that acts upon one's character and destiny" (13c.), also "a flow of water," from Medieval Latin influentia "a flowing in" (also used in the astrological sense), from Latin influentem (nominative influens), present participle of influere "to flow into," from in- "into, in, on, upon" (see in- (2)) + fluere "to flow" (see fluent). Meaning "exercise of personal power by human beings" is from mid-15c.; meaning "exertion of unseen influence by persons" is from 1580s (a sense already in Medieval Latin, for instance Aquinas). Under the influence "drunk" first attested 1866.
- influence (v.)
- 1650s, from influence (n.). Related: Influenced; influencing.
- influent (adj.)
- mid-15c., "abundant," in reference to occult power of the stars, etc., also of grace, from Latin influentem (nominative influens), present participle of influere âto flow inâ (see influence).
- influential (adj.)
- "powerful," 1650s, from Medieval Latin influentialis, from influentia (see influence). Earlier in an astrological sense (1560s).
- influenza (n.)
- 1743, borrowed during an outbreak of the disease in Europe, from Italian influenza "influenza, epidemic," originally "visitation, influence (of the stars)," from Medieval Latin influentia (see influence). Used in Italian for diseases since at least 1504 (as in influenza di febbre scarlattina "scarlet fever") on notion of astral or occult influence. The 1743 outbreak began in Italy. Often applied since mid-19c. to severe colds.
- influx (n.)
- 1620s, from French influx (1540s) or directly from Late Latin influxus "a flowing in," from past participle stem of influere "to flow in" (see influence). Originally of rivers, air, light, spiritual light, etc.; used of people from 1650s.
- info (n.)
- 1906, short for information.
- info-
- word-forming element abstracted from information.
- infomercial (n.)
- 1983, from info- + commercial. Before infomercial was the print form, advertorial (1961).
- inform (v.)
- early 14c., "to train or instruct in some specific subject," from Old French informer "instruct, inform, teach," and directly from Latin informare "to shape, form," figuratively "train, instruct, educate," from in- "into" (see in- (2)) + formare "to form, shape," from forma "form" (see form (n.)). Varied with enform until c. 1600. Sense of "report facts or news" first recorded late 14c. Related: Informed; informing.
- informal (adj.)
- mid-15c., "lacking form; not in accordance with the rules of formal logic," from in- (1) "not, opposite of" + formal. Meaning "irregular, unofficial" is from c. 1600. Sense of "done without ceremony" is from 1828. Related: Informally.
- informality (n.)
- 1590s, from informal + -ity.
- informant (n.)
- 1660s, "someone or something that supplies information," from Latin informantem (nominative informans), present participle of informare (see inform). Meaning "one who gives information to the authorities, informer" is from 1783. As an adjective from 1890. The older noun was informer.
- informatics (n.)
- 1967, translating Russian informatika (1966), from information; also see -ics.
- information (n.)
- late 14c., "act of informing," from Old French informacion, enformacion "information, advice, instruction," from Latin informationem (nominative informatio) "outline, concept, idea," noun of action from past participle stem of informare (see inform). Meaning "knowledge communicated" is from mid-15c. Information technology attested from 1958. Information revolution from 1969.