英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

i.e.[i.e. 词源字典]: abbreviation of Latin id est, literally "that is;" used in English in the sense of "that is to say."[i.e. etymology, i.e. origin, 英语词源]
I.H.S.: Old English, from Medieval Latin, representing Greek abbreviation of IHSOUS "Jesus," in which -H- is the capital of the Greek vowel eta. The Roman form would be I.E.S. Mistaken for a Latin contraction in the Middle Ages, after its Greek origin was forgotten, and sometimes treated as short for Iesus Hominum Salvator "Jesus Savior of Men." Alternative version I.H.C. (terminal -s- often written in later Greek with a character resembling -c-) is found on vestments from 950 C.E., and may be the source of the H. in slang Jesus H. Christ.
I.O.U.: also IOU, I O U, 1610s, originally as IOV (see V); with punning reference to "I Owe You."
I.Q.: 1922, abbreviation of intelligence quotient, a 1921 translation of German Intelligenz-quotient, coined 1912 by German psychologist William L. Stern (1871-1938).
Intelligence is a general capacity of an individual consciously to adjust his thinking to new requirements: it is general mental adaptability to new problems and conditions of life. [Stern, "The Psychological Methods of Testing Intelligence," 1914]
I.R.A. (2): also IRA, initialism (acronym) for individual retirement account, attested from 1974.
I.R.A. (1): also IRA, initialism (acronym) for Irish Republican Army, attested from 1919.
iamb (n.): 1842, from French iambe (16c.), from Latin iambus, from Greek iambos (see iambic). Iambus itself was used in English in this sense in 1580s.
iambic: 1570s (n.); 1580s (adj.), from Latin iambicus, from Greek iambikos, from iambos "metrical foot of one unaccented followed by one accented syllable," from iaptein "to assail" (in words), literally "to put forth." The meter of invective and lampoon in classical Greek from the time it was used for such by Archilochos, 7c. B.C.E.
Ian: masc. proper name, Scottish form of John.
iatro-: word-forming element meaning "physician, medicine, healing," from Greek iatro-, comb. form of iatros "healer, physician" (see -iatric).
iatrogenic (adj.): 1920, from iatro- + -genic.
Iberian: c. 1600 (n.); 1610s (adj.), from Latin Iberia, ancient name of the Spanish peninsula, from Greek Iberes "Celtic people of Spain;" also the name given to an Asiatic people near the Caucasus. Of unknown origin in both uses, but the word as applied in Spain is believed to be related to the River Ebro. The earliest English reference is to the Caucasians; in reference to Spain and Portugal it dates from 1610s.
ibex (n.): c. 1600, from Latin ibex "wild goat of the Alps and Apennines," from a pre-Latin Alpine language. The German steinbock.
ibid.: also ibid, 1660s, abbreviation of Latin ibidem "in the same place," from ibi "there," pronominal adverb of place, + demonstrative suffix -dem.
ibis (n.): stork-like bird, late 14c., from Greek ibis, from Egyptian hab, a sacred bird of Egypt.
IBM: also (in early use) I.B.M., initialism (acronym) attested by 1921 from International Business Machines Co., name in use from 1918.
ibogaine (n.): nerve stimulant, 1901, from French ibogaine, from iboga, Congolese name of the shrub from which the chemical is extracted, + chemical suffix -ine (2).
Icarus: son of Daedalus in Greek mythology; he flew too high on artificial wings and so plunged to his death. Used allusively from 1580s. The name is of unknown origin.
ICBM (n.): 1955, initialism (acronym) for Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile.
ice (n.): Old English is "ice" (also the name of the rune for -i-), from Proto-Germanic *isa- (cognates: Old Norse iss, Old Frisian is, Dutch ijs, German Eis), with no certain cognates beyond Germanic, though possible relatives are Avestan aexa- "frost, ice," isu- "frosty, icy;" Afghan asai "frost." Slang meaning "diamonds" is attested from 1906.

Ice cube attested from 1904. Ice age attested from 1832. To break the ice "to make the first opening to any attempt" is from 1580s, metaphoric of making passages for boats by breaking up river ice though in modern use usually with implications of "cold reserve."