英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

installment (n.)[installment 词源字典]: "act of installing," 1580s, from install + -ment. Meaning "arrangement of payment by fixed portions at fixed times" is from 1732, alteration of Anglo-French estaler "fix payments," from Old French estal "fixed position, place," from a Germanic source akin to Old High German stal "standing place" (see stall (n.1)). Figurative sense of "part of a whole produced in advance of the rest" is from 1823.[installment etymology, installment origin, 英语词源]
Instamatic: 1962, proprietary name (reg. Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, N.Y.) for a type of self-loading camera, from instant + automatic.
instance (n.): mid-14c., "urgency," from Old French instance "eagerness, anxiety, solicitation" (13c.), from Latin instantia "presence, effort intention; earnestness, urgency," literally "a standing near," from instans (see instant). In Scholastic logic, "a fact or example" (early 15c.), from Medieval Latin instantia, used to translate Greek enstasis. This led to use in phrase for instance "as an example" (1650s), and the noun phrase To give (someone) a for instance (1953, American English).
instant (n.): late 14c., "infinitely short space of time," from Old French instant (adj.) "assiduous, at hand," from Medieval Latin instantem (nominative instans), in classical Latin "present, pressing, urgent," literally "standing near," present participle of instare "to urge, to stand near, be present (to urge one's case)," from in- "in" (see in- (2)) + stare "to stand," from PIE root *sta- "to stand" (see stet). Elliptical use of the French adjective as a noun.
instant (adj.): mid-15c., "present, urgent," from Old French instant (14c.), from Latin instantem (nominative instans) "pressing, urgent," literally "standing near" (see instant (n.)). Meaning "now, present" is from 1540s, and led to the use of the word in dating of correspondence, in reference to the current month, often abbreviated inst. and persisting at least into the mid-19c. Thus 16th inst. means "sixteenth of the current month." Sense of "immediately" is from 1590s. Of foods, by 1912. Televised sports instant replay attested by 1965. Instant messaging attested by 1994.
instantaneous (adj.): 1640s (implied in instantaneously), formed in English from Medieval Latin *instantaneus, from instantem (see instant (n.)) on model of spontaneous. Related: Instantaneousness.
instantiate (v.): 1946, from instant (Latin instantia) + -ate. Related: Instantiated; instantiation.
instantly (adv.): late 15c., "urgently, persistently," from instant (adj.) + -ly (2). Meaning "immediately" is 1550s.
instate (v.): "to put someone in a certain state or condition," c. 1600, from in + state (n.1). Related: Instated; instating.
instatement (n.): 1670s, from instate + -ment.
instead (adv.): 1590s, from Middle English ine stede (early 13c.; see stead); loan-translation of Latin in loco (French en lieu de). Still often two words until c. 1640.
instep (n.): mid-15c., apparently from in + step, "though this hardly makes sense" [Weekley]. An Old English word for "instep" was fotwelm. Middle English also had a verb instep "to track, trace" (c. 1400).
instigate (v.): 1540s, back-formation from instigation or else from Latin instigatus, past participle of instigare "to urge on, incite" (see instigation). Related: Instigated; instigates; instigating.
instigation (n.): early 15c., from Middle French instigation and directly from Latin instigationem (nominative instigatio), noun of action from past participle stem of instigare "urge on, incite," from in- "in" (see in- (2)) + *stigare, a root meaning "to prick," from PIE root *steig- "to prick, stick, pierce" (see stick (v.)).
instigator (n.): 1590s, from Latin instigator, agent noun from instigare (see instigation). Fem. formation instigatrix is recorded from 1610s.
instill (v.): also instil, early 15c., "to introduce (liquid, feelings, etc.) little by little," from Latin instillare "put in by drops, to drop, trickle," from in- "in" (see in- (2)) + stilla "a drop" (see distill). Related: Instilled; instilling.
instillation (n.): 1540s, from Latin instillationem (nominative instillatio) "a dropping in," noun of action from past participle stem of instillare (see instill).
instinct (n.): early 15c., "a prompting," from Latin instinctus "instigation, impulse," noun use of past participle of instinguere "to incite, impel," from in- "on" (see in- (2)) + stinguere "prick, goad," from PIE *steig- "to prick, stick, pierce" (see stick (v.)). Meaning "animal faculty of intuitive perception" is from mid-15c., from notion of "natural prompting." Sense of "innate tendency" is first recorded 1560s.
instinctive (adj.): 1610s (implied in instinctively), from Latin instinct-, past participle stem of instinguere (see instinct) + -ive. Related: Instinctiveness.
instinctual (adj.): 1841, from instinct (Latin instinctus) + -al (1). Related: Instinctually.