英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

illegitimacy (n.)[illegitimacy 词源字典]: 1670s; see illegitimate + -acy.[illegitimacy etymology, illegitimacy origin, 英语词源]
illegitimate (adj.): 1530s, "born out of wedlock," formed in English (and replacing earlier illegitime, c. 1500), modeled on Latin illegitimus "not legitimate" (see il- + legitimate). Sense of "unauthorized, unwarranted" is from 1640s. Phrase illegitimi non carborundum, usually "translated" as "don't let the bastards grind you down," is fake Latin (by 1965, said to date from c. 1939) (Carborundum was a brand of abrasives).
illiberal (adj.): 1530s, "ungentlemanly, base, mean," from Middle French illiberal (14c.), from Latin illiberalis "ungenerous, mean, sordid; unworthy of a freeman," from assimilated form of in- "not, opposite of" (see in- (1)) + liberalis (see liberal). A sense of "narrow-minded politically; unconcerned with the rights or liberties of others" is attested from 1640s, and might conceivably be revived to take up some of the burden that drags down conservative.
illicit (adj.): c. 1500, from Old French illicite (14c.) "unlawful, forbidden," from Latin illicitus "not allowed, unlawful, illegal," from assimilated form of in- "not, opposite of" (see in- (1)) + licitus "lawful," past participle of licere "to be allowed" (see licence). Related: Illicitly.
illimitable (adj.): 1590s, from il- "not" + limitable.
illing (n.): "evil-doing, malevolent treatment," early 13c.; see ill (v.).
Illinois: U.S. territory created 1809; name is from a native Algonquian people who called themselves Inoca (1725), also written Ilinouek, Old Ottawa for "ordinary speaker." The modern form represents a 17c. French spelling, pronounced "ilinwe" at that time. Admitted as a state 1818.
illiquid (adj.): 1690s, from il- "not" + liquid in the financial sense.
illiteracy (n.): 1650s, from illiterate + -cy. Earlier in this sense was illiterature (1590s).
illiterate (adj.): early 15c., "uneducated, unable to read (originally of Latin)," from Latin illiteratus "unlearned, unlettered, ignorant; without culture, inelegant," from assimilated form of in- "not, opposite of" (see in- (1)) + literatus, literally "furnished with letters" (see literate). Rendered in Old English as unstæfwis. As a noun meaning "illiterate person" from 1620s. Hence, illiterati (1788).
illness (n.): "disease, sickness," 1680s, from ill + -ness. Earlier it meant "bad moral quality" (c. 1500).
illocution (n.): 1955, from assimilated form of in- (1) "not, opposite of" + locution.
illocutionary (adj.): 1955, from illocution + -ary.
illogical (adj.): 1580s, from assimilated form of in- (1) "not, opposite of" + logical. Related: Illogically.
illth (n.): 1867, coined by John Ruskin from ill (adv.) on model of wealth (also see -th (2)).
[S]uch things, and so much of them as he can use, are, indeed, well for him, or Wealth; and more of them, or any other things, are ill for him, or Illth. [Ruskin, "Munera Pulveris"]
illude (v.): early 15c., "to mock, to trick," from Latin illudere "to make sport of," from assimilated form of in- "in, into" (see in- (2)) + ludere "to play" (see ludicrous).
illuminate (v.): c. 1500, "to light up, shine on," a back-formation from illumination, or else from Latin illuminatus, past participle of illuminare (see illumination). Earlier was enlumyen (late 14c.) "decorate written material with gold, silver, bright colors," from Old French enluminer, from Late Latin inluminare; also illumine (late 14c.). Related: Illuminated; illuminating.
illuminati (n.): 1590s, plural of Latin illuminatus "enlightened" (in figurative sense), past participle of illuminare (see illumination). Originally applied to a 16c. Spanish sect (the Alumbrados), then to other sects; since 1797 used as a translation of German Illuminaten, name of a secret society founded 1776 in Ingolstadt, Bavaria, and holding deistic and republican principles; hence used generally of free-thinkers and sarcastically of those professing intellectual enlightenment (1816). Related: Illuminatism; illuminatist.
illumination (n.): late 14c., "spiritual enlightenment," from Latin illuminationem (nominative illuminatio), from past participle stem of illuminare "to throw into light, make bright, light up;" figuratively "to set off, illustrate," from assimilated form of in- "in, into" (see in- (2)) + lumen (genitive luminis) "light," related to lucere "to shine" (see light (n.)). Meaning "action of lighting" is from 1560s.
illumine (v.): late 14c., "to enlighten spiritually;" mid-15c., "to light up, shine light on," from Old French illuminer, from Latin illuminare (see illumination). Related: illumined.