英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

back up (v.)[back up 词源字典]: 1767, "stand behind and support," from back (v.) + up. The noun meaning "a standby, a reserve" is recorded from 1952 (often written as one word, backup); specific reference to computing is from 1965.[back up etymology, back up origin, 英语词源]
back-ache (n.): c. 1600, from back (n.) + ache (n.).
back-formation (n.): also back formation, by 1887, from back (adv.) + formation.
back-stitch (n.): 1610s, from back (adj.) + stitch (n.).
back-to-nature (adj.): first attested 1915.
backbencher (n.): 1874 in the House of Commons sense, from back (adj.) + bench (n.); occupants of the rear seats being the least-prominent politicians.
backbiting (n.): c. 1200, bacbitunge, from back (adj. or n.) + biting. Related: back-bite (v.), early 14c.; back-biter (c. 1200).
backbone (n.): "spine," early 14c., from back (n.) + bone (n.). Figurative sense of "strength of character" is attested from 1843.
backdate (v.): also back-date, by 1881 (implied in back-dated), from back (adv.) + date (v.1). Compare antedate. Related: Backdated; backdating.
backdoor (adj.): also back-door, "devious, shady, illegal," 1640s. The notion is of business done out of public view. The noun back door in the literal sense is from 1520s, from back (adj.) + door. The association with sodomy is at least from 19c.; compare also back-door man "a married woman's lover," black slang, early 20c.
backdrop (n.): 1913, in U.S. theatrical argot, from back (adj.) + drop (n.).
backer (n.): "supporter," 1580s, agent noun from back (v.).
backfill (n.): 1901 (as backfilling), from back (adj.) + fill (n.). The verb was in use by 1930.
backfire (n.): 1839, American English, originally "a fire deliberately lit ahead of an advancing prairie fire to deprive it of fuel," from back (adj.) + fire (n.). As a verb in this sense, recorded from 1886. The meaning "premature ignition in an internal-combustion engine" is first recorded 1897. Of schemes, plans, etc., "to affect the initiator rather than the intended object" it is attested from 1912, a figurative use from the accidental back-firing of firearms.
backgammon (n.): 1640s, baggammon, the second element from Middle English gamen, ancestor of game; the first element apparently because pieces sometimes are forced to go "back." Known 13c.-17c. as tables.
background (n.): 1670s, from back (adj.) + ground (n.); original sense was theatrical, later applied to painting. Figurative sense is first attested 1854.
backhand (n.): as a tennis stroke, 1650s, from back (adv.) + hand. As a verb, by 1935. The figurative adjectival sense of "indirect" is from c. 1800. Related: Backhanded; backhanding.
backhoe (n.): by 1928, from back (n. or adj.) + hoe (n.).
backing (n.): 1590s, "support;" 1640s, "retreat;" verbal noun from back (v.). Physical sense of "anything forming a backing to something else" is from 1793. Meaning "musical accompaniment" is recorded from 1940.
backlash (n.): 1815, of machinery, from back (adj.) + lash (n.). In metaphoric sense, it is attested from 1955.