英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

Parkinson's disease [Parkinson's disease 词源字典]: 1877, from French maladie de Parkinson (1876), named for English physician James Parkinson (1755-1824), who described it (1817) under the names shaking palsy and paralysis agitans.[Parkinson's disease etymology, Parkinson's disease origin, 英语词源]
Parkinson's Law: 1955 (in the "Economist" of Nov. 19), named for its deviser, British historian and journalist Cyril Northcote Parkinson (1909-1993): "work expands to fill the time available for its completion."
parlance (n.): 1570s, "speaking, speech," especially in debate; 1787 as "way of speaking," from Anglo-French (c. 1300) and Old French parlance, from Old French parlaunce, from parler "to speak" (see parley).
parlay (n.): 1701, parloi, term in the card game faro, from French paroli, from Italian parole (Neapolitan paroli) "words, promises," plural of parolo (see parole). Meaning "exploit to advantage" is from 1942.
parley (n.): "conference, speech," especially with an enemy, mid-15c., from Middle French parlée, from fem. past participle of Old French parler "to speak" (11c.), from Vulgar Latin *paraulare, from Late Latin parabolare "to speak (in parables)," from parabola "speech, discourse," from Latin parabola "comparison" (see parable).
parley (v.): late 14c., "to speak, talk, confer," probably a separate borrowing of Old French parler "to speak" (see parley (n.)). Related: Parleyed; parleying. Meaning "to discuss terms" is 1560s, from the noun.
parleyvoo: colloquial for "the French language," 1754, from French parlez-vous (français?) "do you speak (French?)" For parlez, see parley (n.).
parliament (n.): c. 1300, "consultation; formal conference, assembly," from Old French parlement (11c.), originally "a speaking, talk," from parler "to speak" (see parley (n.)); spelling altered c. 1400 to conform with Medieval Latin parliamentum.

Anglo-Latin parliamentum is attested from early 13c. Specific sense "representative assembly of England or Ireland" emerged by mid-14c. from general meaning "a conference of the secular and/or ecclesiastical aristocracy summoned by a monarch."
parliamentarian (n.): 1640s as a designation of one of the sides in the English Civil War; meaning "one versed in parliamentary procedure" dates from 1834. See parliamentary + -ian.
parliamentary (adj.): 1610s, from parliament + -ary.
parlor (n.): c. 1200, parlur, "window through which confessions were made," also "apartment in a monastery for conversations with outside persons;" from Old French parleor "courtroom, judgment hall, auditorium" (12c., Modern French parloir), from parler "to speak" (see parley (n.)).

Sense of "sitting room for private conversation" is late 14c.; that of "show room for a business" (as in ice cream parlor) first recorded 1884. As an adjective, "advocating radical views from a position of comfort," 1910.
parlour: chiefly British English spelling of parlor (q.v.).
parlous (adj.): late 14c., late Middle English contraction of perilous.
parmaceutics (n.): 1660s, from pharmaceutic (see pharmaceutical); also see -ics.
parmaco-: word-forming element meaning "drug, medicine," also "poison," from Latinized form of Greek pharmako-, comb. form of pharmakon "drug, poison" (see pharmacy).
Parmesan (n.): type of dry, hard cheese, 1550s, from Italian Parmegiano "of Parma," from Parma, city in northern Italy, one of the places where the cheese is made. Full form parmeson chese is recorded from 1510s. The place name ultimately is Etruscan.
Parnassus (n.): late 14c., from Latin, from Greek Parnassos, mountain in central Greece, sacred to Apollo and the Muses, thus symbolic of poetry. Room writes that the name is from Hittite parna "abode." Related: Parnassian.
Various kinds of literary fame seem destined to various measures of duration. Some spread into exuberance with a very speedy growth, but soon wither and decay; some rise more slowly, but last long. Parnassus has its flowers of transient fragrance, as well as its oaks of towering height, and its laurels of eternal verdure. [Samuel Johnson, "The Rambler," March 23, 1751]
Parnellite (n.): in Irish history, 1881, adherent of the Irish Home Rule policy of Charles Stewart Parnell (1846-1891) + -ite (1).
parochial (adj.): late 14c., "pertaining to a parish," from Anglo-French parochiel (late 13c.), from Old French parochial, from Late Latin parochialis "of a parish" (c. 600), from parochia (see parish).

Figurative sense, "limited, narrow," as if confined to a small region, is from 1856 (also see parochialism). Parochial school is attested from 1755.
parochialism (n.): "limited and narrow character or tendency," 1847, from parochial + -ism.