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paraplegia (n.)[paraplegia 词源字典]: "paralysis of the lower half of the body," 1650s, Latinized form of (Ionic) Greek paraplegie "paralysis of one side of the body," from paraplessein "strike at the side," paraplessesthai "be stricken on one side," from para- "beside" (see para- (1)) + plessein "to strike" (see plague (n.)).[paraplegia etymology, paraplegia origin, 英语词源]
paraplegic (adj.): c. 1822; see paraplegia + -ic. The noun meaning "paraplegic person" is first recorded 1890. An earlier adjectival form was paraplectic (1660s).
parapraxis (n.): "faulty action, blunder," 1904, from Modern Latin, from para- "contrary" (see para- (1)) + Greek praxis "a doing, transaction, business" (see praxis). In psychology, a minor error held to reveal a subconscious motive.
paraprofessional (adj.): 1962, from para- (1) + professional (adj.). As a noun from 1968.
parapsychology (n.): 1924, from para- (1) "beside" + psychology.
paraquat (n.): quick-acting herbicide, 1961, from para- (1) + first element in quaternary. So called in reference to its chemical configuration.
parasail (n.): 1963, from first element of parachute + sail. As a verb from 1970. Related: Parasailing.
parasite (n.): 1530s, "a hanger-on, a toady, person who lives on others," from Middle French parasite (16c.) or directly from Latin parasitus "toady, sponger," and directly from Greek parasitos "one who lives at another's expense, person who eats at the table of another," from noun use of an adjective meaning "feeding beside," from para- "beside" (see para- (1)) + sitos "food," of unknown origin. Scientific meaning "animal or plant that lives on others" is first recorded 1640s (implied in parasitical).
parasitic (adj.): 1620s, from Latin parasiticus, from Greek parasitikos "of or pertaining to a parasite; the trade of a parasite," from parasitos (see parasite). Biological sense is from 1731. Related: Parasitical, 1570s in reference to toadies; from 1640s in the biological sense.
parasitism (n.): 1610s, from parasite + -ism. Biological sense is from 1853.
parasol (n.): 1610s, from Middle French parasol (1570s), from Italian parasole, literally "protection from the sun," from para- "defense against" (see para- (2)) + sole "sun," from Latin solem (nominative sol; see sol).
parastate (n.): also para-state, 1959, from para- (1) "beside" + state (n.). Related: Parastatal.
parasympathetic (adj.): 1905, from para- (1) "beside" + sympathetic.
parataxis (n.): 1838, from Greek parataxis "a placing side by side, a placing in line of battle," from stem of paratassein "to place side by side," from para- "beside" (see para- (1)) + tassein "to arrange" (see tactics). Related: Paratactic.
paratransit (n.): also para-transit, 1973, from para- (1) + transit.
paratrooper (n.): 1941, from parachute + trooper. The collective noun paratroops is first recorded 1940. Earliest reference is to the German invaders who were expected to drop on England.
paratroops (n.): 1940, from parachute + plural of troop (n.).
parboil (v.): late 14c., "to boil partially;" mid-15c., "to boil thoroughly," from Old French parboillir "to boil thoroughly," from Medieval Latin perbullire "to boil thoroughly," from Latin per "through, thoroughly" + bullire "to boil" (see boil (v.)). Main modern meaning "boil partially" is by mistaken association of the prefix with part. Related: Parboiled; parboiling.
parcel (n.): late 14c., "a portion of something, a part" (sense preserved in phrase parcel of land, c. 1400), from Old French parcele "small piece, particle, parcel," from Vulgar Latin *particella, extended form (via diminutive suffix, but not necessarily implying smallness) of Latin particula "small part, little bit," itself a diminutive of pars (genitive partis) "part" (see part (n.)).

Meaning "package" is first recorded 1640s, earlier "a quantity of goods in a package" (mid-15c.), from late 14c. sense of "an amount or quantity of anything." The expression part and parcel (early 15c.) also preserves the older sense; both words mean the same, the multiplicity is for emphasis.
parcel (v.): "to divide into small portions," early 15c. (with out), from parcel (n.). Related: Parceled; parcelled; parceling; parcelling.