词根：spon, spond, spons(spous) = to promise 承诺

  来自拉丁语的spondere(=to promise,to answer),spondere 过去分词为sponsus,spond/spons的变形为spous。词根spond,spons 为  spon  的变体,有异形同义词根: jur,vot,vout,vow 承诺,发誓。

同源词：

1. despondent（从约定、期待、希望中脱离出来的de(=from) + spond(=promise)）
  adj.失望的，沮丧的
  despondency/despondence 失望，沮丧，意志消沉
  despondently adv.意志消沉地
  Despondent after a long illness,he took his own life last Tuesday .长期患病使他意志消沉，上星期二他自杀了。

2. responsive（作为酬答回应的 re(=back) + spons(=answer,promise,pledge)）
  adj.回答的，回应的；易于感动的
  respond v.应答；回应
  response n.应答；回应
  respondent n.被告；应答人
  The student was especially responsive in class that day. 这个学生在那天的课堂上表现得特别活跃。

3. correspond  [cor<com(=tegether) 一起，共同 + re-  + spond 承诺 ]
  v.(~to ) 与...对等（同等），（地位等）与...相当；与...一致，符合；通信
  The U.S. Congress corresponds to the British Parliament. 美国的国会相当于英国的议会。
  His actions do not correspond with his words. 他的言行不一致。

4. corresponding  [见上，-ing 后缀 ]
  adj.对应的，相当的；符合的，一致的；通信的 *cor<com(=tegether),re(=again)
  correspondingly adv.相应地，相当地；符合地；一致地
  corresponding period of last year 去年这个时候
  corresponding member （学会等的）通信会员

5. correspondence  [见上，-ence 名词后缀 ]
  n.一致，相似，对应；通信联系；信件
  correspondence course /school 函授课程/函授学校
  commercial correspondence 商业信函
  correspondence column （报纸上的）读者来信专栏
  get into correspondence with 开始与...通信联系

6. correspondent  [见上，-ent 后缀]
  n.通信者；（报社的）特派员，（特指远地区的）通讯记者（定期向报社投稿，提供地方新闻或特别报道）；客户
  good /bad (negligent) correspondent 勤于写信的人/不勤于写信的人
  our Moscow correspondent 本社莫斯科通讯记者
  foreign/war correspondent 海外特派员/战地记者

7. respond  [re- 再一次 +  spond 承诺 ]
  v.应答，回答；反应；（礼拜时会众的）例行应答 *re(again)

8. response  [re- 再次 + spons 承诺 + -e 后缀 ]
  n.应答，回答；反应；（礼拜时会众的）应答（或唱和）短诗 *re(again)
  in response to 对...反应，响应...

9. respondent  [见上,-ent 后缀]
  n.回答者；（离婚、上诉等案件中的）被告

10. responsible  [见上，-ible 后缀]
  adj.有责任的，应负责任的；责任重大的；可信赖的；（be responsible for）作为...原因的，对...负责的
  responsible government 负责任的政府
  Bad workmanship was responsible for the collapse of the block of flats. 施工质量差导致了公寓楼的坍塌。

11. responsibility  [见上，-ibility 名词后缀 ]
  n.责任，任务，义务

12. irresponsible  [ir<in(=not) + re-(=again) + ible 形容词后缀 ]
  adj.不承担责任的；不负责任的，无责任感的，不可靠的；无责任能力的
  irresponsible child 无责任能力的孩子
  irresponsible teenagers 无责任感的下几岁孩子
  irresponsible behavior 不负责任的行为

13. sponsor  [见上，-or 名词后缀 ]
  n.（贷款等的）保证人；赞助人；发起人；（选举候选人的）后援组织；（商业性节目的）赞助者
  v.赞助，发起，资助；成为（商业节目的）赞助商（约定保证的人）

14. spouse  [spous 承诺 + -e 后缀 ]
  n.配偶

15. espouse  [e- = ex- 出 + spous 承诺 + -e 后缀→ 承诺出来→ ]
  v.支持，信奉（主义、学说等）

16. espousal  [见上，-al 形容词后缀 →]
  n.支持，信奉 *e<ex(=out)

17. sponsion  [见上，-ion 名词后缀 → ]
  n.保证

18. despond  [de- = dis- =away  去掉 + spond 承诺,允诺 → 不再承诺 → 失望 →]
  v. 沮丧（停止束缚）

19. spontaneous  [spont=spond 承诺,允诺 + -aneous……的 → 自内心的承诺→]
  adj.自愿的，自发的；自然产生的（自内心承诺-->自愿的）

词根词缀：-ability

【来源及含义】Latin: suffix; expressing ability, capacity, fitness, or "that which may be easily handled or managed"

【相关描述】Just a few examples out of hundreds of words presented as the noun forms of -able; forming nouns of quality from, or corresponding to, adjectives in -able; the quality in an agent that makes an action possible. The suffix -ible has related meanings.

【同源单词】absolute permeability, absorbability, accountability, achievability, acquirability, adaptability

词根词缀：-ably

【来源及含义】Latin: suffix; able manner, capably

【相关描述】Forming adverbs corresponding to adjectives in -able.

【同源单词】ably, acceptably, accountably, accusably, adaptably, admirably

词根词缀：aniso-, anis-

【来源及含义】Greek: unequal; by extension: unsymmetrical, uneven; dissimilar, unlike

【相关描述】A combination of an- (Greek), "negative", "no", or "not"; plus iso-, "equal" resulting in unequal or not equal.

A formative of technical terms, in many cases merely the negative of corresponding terms in iso-.

【同源单词】aniseikonia, anisergy, aniso, anisocarpous, anisochromasia, anisochromia

词根词缀：-ese

【来源及含义】Latin: suffix from -ensis, of, belonging to, from [a place]; originating in [a city or country]

【相关描述】Examples of -ese words include Milanese architect, Vietnamese people, with corresponding nouns meaning "native" or "inhabitant of" (a Viennese, the Japanese), "language of" (Chinese, Portuguese), or, by extension, "typical style" or "vocabulary of", as in journalese, bureaucratese, Johnsonese, New Yorkese".

【同源单词】academese, bureaucratese, Burmese, computerese, headlinese, journalese

词根词缀：-ity

【来源及含义】Latin: suffix used to form abstract nouns expressing act, state, quality, property, or condition corresponding to an adjective

【同源单词】abnormality, absorbability, acclivity, acerbity, acridity, acrity

词根词缀：spond-, spon-, spons-, -spondence, -spondent,-spondency, -spondencies

【来源及含义】Latin: to bind oneself; to pledge; to promise solemnly; to adopt and support a cause

【同源单词】correspond, correspondence, correspondent, correspondent, correspondently, correspondingly

词根词缀：taxi-

【来源及含义】Latin > French: device for calculating a distance traveled [in a vehicle for hire] and the corresponding fare due

【同源单词】taxi, taxicab, taximeter, taximeter-cabriolet