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后缀:-er ①[名词后缀]

1、表示人

(a)行为的主动者,做某事的人

singer 歌唱家

dancer 跳舞者

teacher 教师

writer 作者,作家

reader 读者

leader 领袖

fighter 战士

worker 工人

farmer 农民

turner 车工

(b)与某事物有关的人

hatter 帽商,制帽工人

banker 银行家

wagoner 驾驶运货车的人

tinner 锡匠

weekender 度周末假者

teenager (十三至十九岁的)青少年

six-footer 身高六英尺以上的人

miler 一英里赛跑运动员

(c)属于某国、某地区的人

United Stateser 美国人

New Yorker 纽约人

Thailander 泰国人

New Zealander 新西兰人

northerner 北方人

southerner 南方人

Britisher 英国人

Londoner 伦敦人

Icelander 冰岛人

islander 岛国

inlander 内地人

villager 村民

2、表示物(与某事物有关之物或能做某事之物)及动物(能做某事的动物)

washer 洗衣机

lighter 打火机

heater 加热器

cutter 切削器,刀类

boiler 煮器,锅

fiver 五元钞票

tenner 十元钞票

silencer 消音器

woodpecker 啄木鸟

creeper 爬行动物,爬虫

3、加在方位词上表示“...风”

norther 强北风

northwester 强西北风

souther 强南风

southeaster 强东南风

②[动词后缀]

表示反复动作,连续动作及拟声动作

waver 来回摆动

chatter 喋喋不休

stutter 结舌,口吃

batter 连打

mutter 喃喃自语

clatter 作卡嗒声

patter 发嗒嗒声

whisper 低语,作沙沙声

③[形容词及副词后缀]

表示比较级“更...”

graeter 更大

warmer 更暖

happier 更快乐

faster 更快

earlier 更早

harder 更努力

词根词缀:alumino-, alumin-

【来源及含义】Latin: aluminum [U.S.] and aluminium, [British]

【相关描述】This term was coined in 1812 by its discoverer, the British chemist Sir Humphry Davy, as an alteration of the earlier [1808] New Latin alumium, that was also coined by Sir Davy from alumina, a mineral occurring in nature as corundum plus -ium, a suffix meaning, in this case, "metal").

The variant form aluminium, which is preferred in British usage, also appeared in 1812 as a deliberate alteration of aluminum in order to eliminate confusion because of the partial resemblance to other names of certain elements, such as sodium, potassium, and magnesium, all of which were coined earlier by Sir Davy.

【同源单词】aluminate, alumine, aluminium, Aluminoid, aluminosis, aluminothermy

词根词缀:gehenna-

【来源及含义】Hebrew > Greek > Latin: hell or hellfire

【相关描述】Moloch [MOH luhk] or Molech (Hebrew, melech: king). He was the god of the Ammonites, to whom children were made "to pass through the fire" as sacrifices. Children were dedicated ("passed over") and burned to Molech at the Tophet in the Valley of Hinnom near Jerusalem.

During the monarchical period of the Hebrews, the site was an infamous high place (called "topheth" and derived from an Aramaic word meaning "fireplace"), where some of the kings of Judah engaged in forbidden religious practices, including human sacrifice by fire; as mentioned earlier.

Probably because of these associations with fiery destruction and judgment, the word "Gehenna" came to be used metaphorically as a designation for hell or eternal damnation. As such, Gehenna is to be distinguished from Hades, which is either the bode of all the dead in general or the place where the wicked await the final judgment. In the New Testament, Gehenna designates the place or state of the final punishment of the wicked. It is variously described as a fiery furnace, an unquenchable fire, or an eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels.

【相关词根词缀】 Cross references of word groups that are related, directly, indirectly, or partly to: "fire, burn, glow, or ashes": ars-, ard-; -bust; cand-, cend-; caust-, caut-; crema-; ciner-; ether-; flagr-; flam-; focus, foci-; fulg-; ign-; phleg-; phlog-; pyreto-, -pyrexia; pyr-; spod- (ashes; waste); volcan-.

【同源单词】gehenna, gehenne, gehennical

词根词缀:proter-, protero-

【来源及含义】Greek: former, earlier, older

【同源单词】ecoproterandrous, ecoproterogynous, phytoproterandrous, phytoproterogynous, proterandrous, proteranthous

词根词缀:seri-, serio-

【来源及含义】Latin: weighty, important, grave [from French sérieux (feminine sériuse), from Late Latin seriosus, from earlier Latin serius]

【同源单词】jocoserious, overserious, seriocomic, serious, seriously, seriousness