- refractory (adj.)
[refractory 词源字典]
- "stubborn, obstinate, perverse," 1610s (earlier refractorious, 1550s, refractary, c. 1600), from Latin refractarius "obstinate, stubborn," from past participle stem of refringere (see refraction). Related: Refractorily; refractoriness.[refractory etymology, refractory origin, 英语词源]