英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

pneumatics (n.)[pneumatics 词源字典]: 1650s, from pneumatic. Also see -ics.[pneumatics etymology, pneumatics origin, 英语词源]
pneumato-: before vowels pneumat-, word-forming element meaning "wind, air, spirit, presence of air," from comb. form of Greek pneuma (genitive pneumatos); see pneuma.
pneumo-: before vowels pneum-, word-forming element meaning "lung," from comb. form of Greek pneumon (see pneumonia).
pneumonia (n.): c. 1600, from Modern Latin, from Greek pneumonia "inflammation of the lungs," from pneumon "lung," altered (perhaps by influence of pnein "to breathe") from pleumon "lung," literally "floater," probably cognate with Latin pulmo (see pulmonary), from PIE *pleu- "to flow, to swim" (see pluvial). Alteration in Greek perhaps by influence of pnein "to breathe."
pneumonic (adj.): "pertaining to the lungs," 1670s, from Latin pneumonicus, from Greek pneumonikos "of the lungs," from pneumon (see pneumonia).
pneumono-: before vowels pneumon-, word-forming element meaning "lung," from comb. form of Greek pneumon (genitive pneumonos "lung" (see pneumonia).
pneumothorax (n.): 1821, from French pneumothorax (1803), coined by French physician Jean Marc Gaspard Itard (1774-1838) from Greek pneumon (see pneumonia) + thorax.
Po: large river in northern Italy, from Latin Padus, a name of Celtic origin.
po-face (adj.): "expressionless, impassive," 1934, American English, of unknown origin.
poach (v.1): "steal game," 1520s, "to push, poke," from Middle French pocher "to thrust, poke," from Old French pochier "poke out, gouge, prod, jab," from a Germanic source (compare Middle High German puchen "to pound, beat, knock," German pochen, Middle Dutch boken "to beat") related to poke (v.). Sense of "trespass for the sake of stealing" is first attested 1610s, perhaps via notion of "thrusting" oneself onto another's property, or perhaps from French pocher "to pocket" (see poach (v.2)). Related: Poached; poaching.
poach (v.2): "cook in liquid," early 15c., from Old French poché, past participle of pochier (12c.), literally "put into a pocket" (as the white of an egg forms a pocket for the yolk), from poche "bag, pocket," from Frankish *pokka "bag," from Proto-Germanic *puk- (see poke (n.)). Related: Poached; poaching.
poached (adj.): of eggs, mid-15c., past participle adjective from poach (v.2).
poacher (n.): 1660s, "one who poaches game," agent noun from poach (v.1). Attested from 1846 as "vessel for poaching eggs," from poach (v.2).
Pocahontas: (c. 1595-1617), daughter of Algonquian leader Powhatan, the name is said to be Algonquian Pokachantesu "she is playful."
pock (n.): Old English pocc "pustule, blister, ulcer," from Proto-Germanic *puh(h)- "to swell up, blow up" (cognates: Middle Dutch pocke, Dutch pok, East Frisian pok, Low German poche, dialectal German Pfoche), from PIE root *beu- "to swell, to blow" (see bull (n.2)). Middle French pocque is from Germanic. The plural form, Middle English pokkes, is the source of pox, which since early 14c. has been used in the sense "disease characterized by pocks."
pock (v.): "to disfigure with pits or pocks," 1841. Related: Pocked; pocking.
pock-mark (n.): also pockmark, 1670s, from pock (n.) + mark (n.). As a verb from 1756. Related: Pockmarked; pock-marked.
pocket (v.): 1580s, "to place in a pocket" (often with implications of dishonesty), from pocket (n.). From the earliest use often figurative. Meaning "to form pockets" is from c. 1600. Related: Pocketed; pocketing.
pocket (n.): mid-14c., pokete, "bag, pouch, small sack," from Anglo-French pokete (13c.), diminutive of Old North French poque "bag" (Old French pouche), from a Germanic source akin to Frankish *pokka "bag," from Proto-Germanic *puk- (see poke (n.)).

Meaning "small bag worn on the person, especially one sewn into a garment" is from early 15c. Sense in billiards is from 1754. Mining sense is attested from 1850; military sense of "area held by troops surrounded by the enemy" is from 1918; the general sense of "small area different than its surroundings" (1926) apparently was extended from the military use. Figuratively, "one's money" (conceived as being kept in a pocket) is from 1717. Pope Pokett (late 15c.) was figurative of the greedy and corrupt Church.
pocket (adj.): 1610s, "of or pertaining to or meant for a pocket," from pocket (n.). Pocket-knife is first recorded 1727; pocket-money is attested from 1630s. Often merely implying a small-sized version of something (for example of of warships, from 1930; also compare Pocket Venus "beautiful, small woman," attested from 1808). Pocket veto attested from 1842, American English.
The "pocket veto" can operate only in the case of bills sent to the President within ten days of Congressional adjournment. If he retain such a bill (figuratively, in his pocket) neither giving it his sanction by signing it, nor withholding his sanction in returning it to Congress, the bill is defeated. The President is not bound to give reasons for defeating a bill by a pocket veto which he has not had at least ten days to consider. In a regular veto he is bound to give such reasons. [James Albert Woodburn, "The American Republic and its Government," Putnam's, 1903]