英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

indemnify (v.)[indemnify 词源字典]: "compensate for loss or expense," 1610s, from Latin indemnis "unhurt" (see indemnity) + -fy. Related: Indemnified; indemnifying.[indemnify etymology, indemnify origin, 英语词源]
indemnity (n.): mid-15c., from Middle French indemnité (14c.), from Late Latin indemnitatem (nominative indemnitas) "security for damage," from Latin indemnis "unhurt, undamaged," from in- "not, opposite of, without" (see in- (1)) + damnum "damage" (see damn).
indent (v.): early 15c., indenten/endenten "to make notches; to give (something) a toothed or jagged appearance," also "to make a legal indenture," from Old French endenter "to notch or dent, give a serrated edge to," from Medieval Latin indentare "to furnish with teeth," from in- "into, in, on, upon" (see in- (2)) + Latin dens (genitive dentis) "tooth" (see tooth). Related: Indented; indenting. The printing sense is first attested 1670s. The noun is first recorded 1590s, from the verb. An earlier noun sense of "a written agreement" (late 15c.) is described in Middle English Dictionary as "scribal abbrev. of endenture."
indentation (n.): 1728, of margins or edges, extended form of indent (n.). Meaning "action of making a dent or impression" is from 1847.
indention (n.): 1763, formed irregularly from indent + -ation. It could be a useful word if it split with indentation the two senses (relating to margins and to dents) of that word, but indention, too, is used in both.
indenture (n.): "contract for services," late 14c., from Anglo-French endenture, Old French endenteure "indentation," from endenter (see indent). Such contracts (especially between master craftsmen and apprentices) were written in full identical versions on a sheet of parchment, which was then cut apart in a zigzag, or "notched" line. Each party took one, and the genuineness of a document of indenture could be proved by juxtaposition with its counterpart. As a verb, 1650s, from the noun.
indentured (adj.): "bound by indenture," 1757, past participle adjective from indenture (v.).
independence (n.): 1630s; see independent + -ence. Earlier in same sense was independency (1610s). U.S. Independence Day (July 4) recorded under that name by 1791. An Old English word for it was selfdom, with dom "law."
independent (adj.): 1610s, from in- (1) "not, opposite of" + dependent. French independant is attested from c. 1600; Italian independente from 1590s. Noun meaning "person not acting as part of a political party" is from 1808. Related: Independently.
indescribable (adj.): 1794, from in- (1) "not, opposite of" + describable (see describe). Related: Indescribably; indescribability. In same sense, Old English had unasecgendlic.
indescript (adj.): "undescribed," 1854, from in- (1) "not, opposite of" + Latin descriptus, past participle of describere (see describe).
indestructibility (n.): 1670s, see indestructible + -ity.
indestructible (adj.): early 15c., from in- (1) "not, opposite of" + destructible. Related: Indestructibly.
indeterminable (adj.): late 15c., from Late Latin indeterminabilis "that cannot be defined," from in- "not" (see in- (1)) + determinabilis, from determinare (see determine).
indeterminacy (n.): 1640s, see indeterminate + -acy.
indeterminate (adj.): late 14c., from Late Latin indeterminatus "undefined," from in- "not, opposite of" (see in- (1)) + determinatus, past participle of determinare (see determine). Related: Indeterminately.
index (n.): late 14c., "the forefinger," from Latin index (genitive indicis) "forefinger, pointer, sign, list," literally "anything which points out," from indicare "point out" (see indication). Meaning "list of a book's contents" is first attested 1570s, from Latin phrases such as Index Nominum "Index of Names," index expurgatorius "specification of passages to be deleted from works otherwise permitted." Scientific sense (refractive index, etc.) is from 1829; economic sense (cost-of-living index, etc.) is from 1870, from the scientific usage, from sense "an indicator." The Church sense of "forbidden books" is from index librorum prohibitorum, first published 1564 by authority of Pius IV.
index (v.): "compile an index," 1720, from index (n.). Related: Indexed; indexing.
indexation (n.): 1960, noun of action from index (v.).
India: Old English, from Latin India, from Greek India "region of the Indus River," later used of the region beyond it, from Indos "Indus River," from Old Persian Hindu, the name for the province of Sind, from Sanskrit sindhu "river." The more common Middle English form was Ynde or Inde, From French (see Indies). India began to prevail 16c., perhaps under Spanish or Portuguese influence.