英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

nebular (adj.)[nebular 词源字典]: 1821, "pertaining to an (astronomical) nebula or nebulae," from nebula + -ar.[nebular etymology, nebular origin, 英语词源]
nebulizer (n.): 1865, agent noun from verb nebulize "to reduce to a mist or spray" (1865), from Latin nebula "mist" (see nebula) + -ize. Related: Nebulization.
nebulosity (n.): 1738, from French nébulosité, from Late Latin nebulositatem (nominative nebulositas), from Latin nebulosus, from nebula (see nebula).
nebulous (adj.): late 14c., "cloudy, misty," from Latin nebulosus "cloudy, misty, foggy, full of vapor," from nebula (see nebula). The figurative sense of "hazy, vague, formless" is first attested 1831. Astronomical sense is from 1670s. Related: Nebulously; nebulousness.
necessarily (adv.): mid-15c., "inevitably, unavoidably," from necessary (adj.) + -ly (2).
necessary (adj.): late 14c. "needed, required, essential, indispensable," from Old French necessaire "necessary, urgent, compelling" (13c.), and directly from Latin necessarius "unavoidable, indispensable, necessary," from necesse "unavoidable, indispensable," originally "no backing away," from ne- "not" + cedere "to withdraw, go away, yield" (see cede). The root sense is of that from which there is no evasion, that which is inevitable. Necessary house "privy" is from c. 1600. Necessary evil is from 1540s (the original reference was to "woman").
necessary (n.): mid-14c., "needed, required, or useful things; the necessities of life; actions determined by right or law," perhaps from Old French necessaire (n.) "private parts, genitalia; lavatory," and directly from Latin necessarius (n.), in classical Latin "a relation, relative, kinsman; friend, client, patron;" see necessary (adj.).
necessitarian (n.): 1754, from necessity + -arian. As an adjective from 1739. Related: Necessitarianism.
necessitate (v.): 1620s, from Medieval Latin necessitatus, past participle of necessitare "to render necessary," from Latin necessitas (see necessity). Earlier verb in English was necessen (late 14c.). Related: Necessitated; necessitates; necessitating.
necessitation (n.): 1650s, noun of action from necessitate.
necessity (n.): late 14c., "constraining power of circumstances," from Old French necessité "need, necessity; privation, poverty; distress, torment; obligation, duty" (12c.), from Latin necessitatem (nominative necessitas) "compulsion, need for attention, unavoidableness, destiny," from necesse (see necessary). Meaning "condition of being in need" in English is from late 15c.
Necessity is the Mother of Invention. [Richard Franck, c. 1624-1708, English author and angler, "Northern Memoirs," 1658]
To maken vertu of necessite is in Chaucer. Related: Necessities.
neck (n.): Old English hnecca "neck, nape, back of the neck" (a fairly rare word) from Proto-Germanic *hnekk- "the nape of the neck" (cognates: Old Frisian hnekka, Middle Dutch necke, Dutch nek, Old Norse hnakkr, Old High German hnach, German Nacken "neck"), with no certain cognates outside Germanic, though Klein's sources suggest PIE *knok- "high point, ridge" (source of Old Irish cnocc, Welsh cnwch, Old Breton cnoch "hill").

The more usual Old English words were hals (the general Germanic word, cognate with Gothic, Old Norse, Danish, Swedish, Dutch, German hals), cognate with Latin collum (see collar (n.)); and sweora, swira "neck, nape," probably also from a PIE root meaning "column" (cognate with Old English swer "column," Sanskrit svaru- "post").

Transferred senses attested from c. 1400. Phrase neck of the woods (American English) is attested from 1780 in the sense of "narrow stretch of woods;" 1839 with meaning "settlement in a wooded region." To stick one's neck out "take a risk" is first recorded 1919, American English. Horses running neck and neck is attested from 1799.
neck (v.): "to kiss, embrace, caress," 1825 (implied in necking) in northern England dialect, from neck (n.). Compare Middle English halsen "to embrace or caress affectionately, to fondle sexually," from hals (n.) "neck." Earlier, neck as a verb meant "to kill by a strike on the neck" (mid-15c.). Related: Necked.
neckerchief (n.): "scarf for the neck," late 14c., from neck (n.) + kerchief, which is, etymologically "a covering for the head."
necking (n.): 1825; see neck (v.).
necklace (n.): 1590s, from neck (n.) + lace (n.) in the sense of "cord, string." As the name of a South African form of lynching, from 1985.
neckless (adj.): c. 1600, from neck (n.) + -less.
neckline (n.): also neck-line, of a garment, 1900, from neck (n.) + line (n.).
necktie (n.): 1838, from neck (n.) + tie (n.). American English slang necktie party "a lynching" is recorded from 1871.
necro-: before vowels, necr-, word-forming element meaning "death, corpse, dead tissue," from Latinized form of Greek nekros "dead body, corpse, dead person," from PIE *nek- (1) "death, natural death" (cognates: Sanskrit nasyati "disappears, perishes," Avestan nasyeiti "disappears," nasu- "corpse," Old Persian vi-nathayatiy "he injures;" Latin nex, genitive necis "violent death, murder" (as opposed to mors), nocere "to harm, hurt," noxius "harmful;" Greek nekus "dead" (adj.), nekros "dead body, corpse;" Old Irish ec, Breton ankou, Welsh angeu "death").