guillotine

英 ['gɪlətiːn; ,gɪlə'tiːn] 美 ['ɡɪlətin]
  • n. 断头台；切纸机；截止辩论以付表决法
  • vt. 于断头台斩首；终止辩论将议案付诸表决
TEM4 GRE
星级词汇:
guillotine
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助记提示

1. 世界最高效死刑机器的发明人碰巧是反对死刑制度的积极分子，这恐怕是历史最大讽刺之一。眼看废除死刑任重道远，法国物理学家兼刑事改革家盖勒廷提议建造这种瞬间砍头的机器，总比用钝斧头砍脖子或分尸的老方法要“人道”一些。岂知，断头台一用就是200年，法语、英语里干脆就叫“盖勒廷台”，随了发明者的姓。
2. 谐音“极乐亭”。

中文词源

guillotine 断头台，切纸机

来自法国医生Joseph Guillotin，他出于人道主义考虑，在1791年设计了一款高效的断头设备。不幸的是，他的名字被用于这种新型设备的名称，为此，他无数次抗议，但已挡不住这个新名词的流传。

英文词源

guillotine
guillotine: [18] Joseph Ignace Guillotin (1738– 1814), a French doctor, did not invent the device named after him – such contraptions had been around for some time – but it was he who saw the advantages, in terms of speed and efficiency, of an easily resettable blade for beheading in a time of peak demand, and he recommended it to the Revolutionary authorities. The term used for it, first recorded in English in 1793, is a fitting memorial to him. Its application to the limitation of discussion in a legislature dates from the 1890s.
guillotine (n.)
"The name of the machine in which the axe descends in grooves from a considerable height so that the stroke is certain and the head instantly severed from the body." ["Universal Magazine of Knowledge and Pleasure," January 1793], 1791, from French guillotine, named in recognition of French physician Joseph Guillotin (1738-1814), who as deputy to the National Assembly (1789) proposed, for humanitarian and efficiency reasons, that capital punishment be carried out by beheading quickly and cleanly on a machine, which was built in 1791 and first used the next year. Similar devices were used in the Middle Ages. The verb is first attested 1794. Related: Guillotined; guillotining.

双语例句

1. to guillotine a bill
限制议案的辩论时间

来自《权威词典》

2. Not many French people are in favour of using the guillotine.
没有多少法国人赞成使用断头台.

来自《简明英汉词典》

3. One after the other Danton, Robespierre and the rest went to the guillotine.
丹东、罗伯斯比尔以及其他人被逐一送上了断头台。

来自柯林斯例句

4. But I wouldn't want to go to the guillotine.
但我不想去断头台.

来自超越目标英语 第4册

5. Six tumbrils carry the day's wine to La Guillotine.
六辆死囚车给断头台小姐送去了那天的美酒.

来自英汉文学 - 双城记