词根:crim, crimin, crimine = crime, guilty, accusation控诉, 罪行
来自拉丁语的 crimen(=accusation,crime) 意为crime,guilty,accusation 控诉,罪行。crimin,crime为词根crim的变体,由后者构成的单词实际上总结起来也就一个,即 crime 犯罪。由它加上不同的前后缀,便会构成几组意思相近或相反的词汇,如:criminality 犯罪行为;②有异形同义词根:culp罪,犯罪。
同源词:
1. indiscriminate(不各自分开的in(=not) + dis(=apart) + crimin(=separate,guilty,crime))
adj.无差别的;杂乱的;不分青红皂白的
indiscrimination n.无差别,无分别
indiscriminately adv.不加区别地
The indiscriminate use of corporal punishment creates angry,resentful students.不分青红皂白地使用体罚只会让学生充满愤怒和怨恨。
2. incriminate(使处于有罪状态in(=in) + crimin(=guilty,fault,separate))
vt.暗示(或显示)...有罪;归罪于;控告(某人有罪)
The presence of his DNA at the crime scene incriminated him. 在犯罪现场发现的他的DNA证明他有罪。
3. recrimination(再一次作为酬答说有罪re(=again,back) + crimin(=crime))
n.反责;反诉
recriminate v. 反责;反诉
recriminatory adj.反责的;反动的
The two sides engaged in endless rounds of mutual recrimination. 双方陷入无止境的相互反诉中。
4. discriminate
v.区别,辨别;有差别地对待;歧视 *dis(=away)
5. discriminating
adj. 有识别力的;形成判别的;区别对待 *dis(=away)
discriminatory adj.差别对待的;歧视的
discriminatory legislation 歧视性的立法
discriminating taste in literature 文学鉴赏力
discriminating tariffs 差别关税
6. discrimination
n.区别;识别(力),辨别(力);歧视;差别待遇 *dis(=away)
racial discrimination 种族歧视
without discrimination 无差别地,平等地
7. criminal [crimin 犯罪 + -al 名词后缀]
n.犯罪
adj.犯罪的,犯法的;刑事的
criminology n.犯罪学
habitual criminal 惯犯
criminal act 犯罪行为
criminal psychology 犯罪心理学
criminal charge 刑事控告
criminal law 刑法
criminal offender 刑事犯
criminal case / action 刑事案件/刑事诉讼
词根:sid(sed, sit), sess(sid) = to sit 坐
词根sid来源于拉丁语的不定式词干 sidere,词根sess来自动名词词干,都意为to sit(坐)或to settle(安定)。sid为元音弱化后形成的词根。sid,sess属于一对同源异形根,反义词根有来自拉丁语的st,stat,stit,sist等。
同源词:
1. assiduous [一直坐着的as<ad(=to,intensive)+sid(=sit)]
adj.“constant or unwearied in application; diligent 刻苦的;勤奋的:He is assiduous in his study 他学习勤奋。
assiduity [as-; sid;-u-;-ity n.]n.刻苦;勤奋
2. preside [before前;sid= to sit 坐;-e- “to sit before others 坐在其他人前面”] v. sit in authority; act as chairman 主持;作会议主席:
to preside at a meeting 主持会议
presider n.(会议的)主席;主持者
presidium n.主席团;常务委员会
3. president v.主持,当权;-ent n.= person 人 →]
n.person chosen to preside over a nation. university or any other organization 总统;大学校长:会长:社长等
presidency n. 总统等的职位或任期
presidential adj. 总统(或校长等)的
4. reside [re-= back,down 回,下;sid = to sit or settle 坐,安放:-e → "to sit backward, to settle down 靠背安坐,安顿下来” →]
v. make one's home at a place 安家,居住:to reside in the city 在城市居住
resident n. 居民
residence n. 居住;住宅
5. subside [sub- = under,down下;sid= to sit or settle 坐,停留:-e →“to settle down 停在下面,停息”→]
v. ①sink down 下沉;沉降:The building subsides gradually. 这座房子逐渐下沉。
②fall into a state of quiet 平息:The wind has subsided 风停了。
subsidence n.下降;沉降;平息
6. dissident [dis-= apart 分开;sid= to sit 坐;-ent n. = person 人世间→ "person who sits apart from others 与别人分开坐的人”→]
n. person openly disagreeing with an opinion; dissenter 持异议者;反对者:political dissidents 持不同政见者
dissidence [dis-; sid; -ence n.] n. 异议;不一致
7. insidious [in- = in 内;sid= to sit 坐;-i-; -ous adj. = like 像……的_→ "like sitting in a hidden place,like setting an ambush 像坐在暗处的,像打埋伏的”→]
adj. ① intended to entrap 伺机为害的:insidious diseases 暗疾
②deceptive; treacherous 暗中为害的;阴险的:an insidious tempter 阴险的诱惑者
insidiousness n. 阴险;狡诈
8. session [sess= to sit 坐;-ion n. = the act or state 表行为或状态 →]
n. ① act of sitting 坐;就座
②sitting or time of sitting, as of a court or public body 开会;开庭;会期;开庭期:plenary session 全体会议
sessional adj. 开会的;开庭的
9. possess [pos(来自potis) = able 能……的;sess= to sit 坐→ "to be able to sit in a place 能坐在一个位置上”→]
v. ① inhabit or occupy 居住于;占据
② have or hold as property own 具有;占有:He possessed landed property 他拥有地产。
③ maintain or control 保持;控制:She was possessed by the desire to be rich 她被发财的欲望所支配。
possessor [possess; -or n.] n.占有人;所有人
possession [possess;-ion n.] n.占有;占有物;财产;领地
possessive [possess; -ive adj.] adj. 占有的 n.[语法]所有格
10. assess [as-(ad-) = to,at在;sess= to sit坐→“(judges in a court) to sit at or sit by(法官等在法庭)就座”→ "to judge or estimate 作判断,估计”→]
v. ①fix the value or profits of 对……进行估价:His property is assessed at one million dollars 他的财产估价为100万元。
② decide the amount of(a tax)征收(税款):to assess a tax of ten pounds 征税10镑
assessment [assess; -ment n.] n.估价;评价
assessor [assess; -or n.] n. 估价财产的人;确定税款的人
assessable [assess; -able a.] adj.可估价的;可征税的
11. sedate [sed=sid坐+ate……的→坐着的,文静的]
adj.文静的
12. consider [con全部+sid坐+er→坐在一起→考虑到]
v.考虑,细想;体谅,顾及;认为,把…看作
13. supersede [从上往下坐下 super(=over)+ sed(=sit)]
vt. 代替;取代
supersession n.取代
Model AE-400x supersedes Model AE-200.模型AE-400X取代AE-200。
14. obsession [妨碍地坐着ob(=in the way)+sess(=sit)]
n.着迷;迷住
obsess v.妄想、固有观念等)萦绕心头,不停地困扰
obsessive adj. 使人着迷的
Eating is my hobby. Shopping is my obsession! 吃东西是我的兴趣,购物让我着迷!
15. sedan
n.箱式小客车(可容纳4人以上);(17 - 18世纪的)轿子
sedan chair 轿子
16. sedimentary
adj.沉渣的,沉淀物的;由沉淀物生成的
sedimentary rocks 沉积岩(如粘板岩、石灰岩等)
17. sedulous
adj.坚忍不拔的;勤勉的,刻苦的;小心周到的
pay him sedulous attention 密切地关注他
18. saddle
n.马鞍; (自行车或摩托车的)车座; 鞍形架,鞍状物; (动物的)脊肉
vt.& vi.给(马)装鞍
vt.使承担
19. possess
v. 持有,拥有;控制;(恶魔、邪念等)缠住,迷住(某人) *pos (=powerful,able)
possess a large fortune 拥有大量财产
be possessed with/by devils 着魔的
be possessed with the idea that someone is persecuting him 着魔地认为有人在迫害他
be possessed by envy 内心充满嫉妒
20. possession
n. 所有;(pl.)所有物;财产 *pos(=powerful,able)
illegal possession of arms 非法持有武器
a man of great possessions 富翁
21. possessive
adj.所有的;所有权的;[语]所有格的;占有欲强的
possessive manner 极具占有欲的态度
possessive adjective/case/pronoun 所有格形容词/所有格/所有格代词
词根:flagr, flam = to burn(燃烧), flame(火焰)
词根flam来源于拉丁语的flamma 意为flame,词根flagr来源于拉丁语的flagrare 意为 to burn。 同义词根有来自拉丁语的arid,caust/caut,torr,来自希腊语的ether,以及来自盎格鲁-撒克逊语的burn/bran。
同源词:
1. conflagration(彻底地燃烧con<com(=throughly,intensive) + flagr(=burn))
n.火灾
A devastating conflagration destroyed thousands of acres of forest. 一场毁灭性的火灾烧毁了数千英亩森林。
2. inflammable(在某物上面燃烧的 in(=on) + flam(=burn))
adj.易燃的;易激动的,易怒的
inflame v.点火;激怒;使发炎
inflammation n.发炎;点火
inflammatory adj.激动的;发炎的
inflammable children's clothes have been outlawed for sale in American. 在美国,出售易燃性儿童服装是违法的。
3. flagrant
adj.(罪行、罪犯等)穷凶极恶的,明目张胆的;凶恶的,恶名昭著的
flagrant offenses /sinners 凶恶的罪行/罪犯
4. flambeau
n.火把,装饰用的大烛台 *beau(=pretty)
5. flamboyant
adj.绚烂的,华丽的,艳丽的;炫耀的 *boy(=float) 《古代法文 flambe = to flame(燃烧)》
flamboyance n.绚烂,艳丽
6. flamingo
n.火烈鸟,红鹤
7. flame
n.(pl.)火舌,火焰;耀眼的光辉,光芒;热情;<谑>情人
v.燃烧;勃然大怒;使成火红色
in flames 燃烧着
flame projector /thrower 火焰喷射器
the flames of sunset 落日的余晖
flame of anger /indignation /enthusiasm 怒火/愤怒/如火的热情
old flame 旧情人
The hill flames with azaleas. 杜鹃花映红了山。
hillsides flaming with the colors of fall 被秋色染红的山坡
His anger flamed out. 他怒火冲天。
8. flaming
adj.着火的,燃烧的;灼热的;极端的,惊人的
flaming sun 灼人的太阳
You flaming idiot! 你这个大笨蛋!
9. effulgent
adj.灿烂的;光辉的(发出光亮)《ef- = ex- = out》
后缀:-s [副词后缀]
表示时间、地点、方式、状态
afternoons 每天下午
nights 每夜,在夜间
weekends 在每个周末
sometimes 有时
besides 此外,而且
unawares 不知不觉地
nowadays 现今,当今
outdoors 在户外
indoors 在屋内
upstairs 在楼上,往楼上
downstairs 在楼下,往楼下
weekdays 在每个周日
词根词缀:ambi-, amb-, ambo-
【来源及含义】Latin: both, on both sides; around, about; vague; obscure
【相关词根词缀】 Related "around, round, surrounding" units: ampho-; circ-; circum-; cyclo-, -cycle; gyro-; peri-.
【同源单词】ambiance, ambiciliate, ambicolorate, ambidexter, ambidexterity, ambidextrous
词根词缀:ampho-, amph-, amphi-
【来源及含义】Greek: around, about, both, on both sides of, both kinds
【相关词根词缀】 Related "around, round, surrounding" units: ambi-; circ-; circum-; cyclo-, -cycle; gyro-; peri-.
【同源单词】amphanthium, amphiarthrodial, amphiarthrosis, amphiaster, amphiatlantic, Amphibia
词根词缀:circum-
【来源及含义】Latin: around, about, surrounding, closed curve, circling, circular on all sides; literally, "in a circle"
【相关词根词缀】 Related "around, round, surrounding" units: ambi-; ampho-; circ-; cyclo-, -cycle; gyro-; peri-.
【同源单词】Antarctic Circumpolar Current, circuit, circuitous, circuitously, circuitousness, circuitry
词根词缀:epi-, ep-
【来源及含义】Greek: above, over, on, upon; besides; in addition to; toward; among
【相关词根词缀】 Related "above, over, beyond the normal, excessive" word units: hyper-; super-, supra-, sur; ultra-, ult-.
【同源单词】anepigraphous, cotyledon, endoepidermal, ephemeral, epibasal, epibasidium
词根词缀:tempo-, tempor-
【来源及含义】Latin: time, occasion
【相关描述】Don't confuse this tempo- element with other words that refer to the temples; such as, the flattened sides of the forehead or the buildings used for religious worship or services. They simply have no connection with this element.
【相关词根词缀】 Related "time" units: aevum, evum; archaeo-, archeo-; Calendars; chrono-; horo-; pre-; Quotes: Time.
【同源单词】contemporaneous, contemporary, contemporate, contemporize, contretemps, distemper
词根词缀:temporo-, tempor-
【来源及含义】Latin: sides of the head near the eyes; temple bones
【同源单词】auriculotemporal, bitemporal hemianopia, frontal-temporal dementia, frontotemporal, mediotemporal, norma lateralis