词根：pris, prehend, prehens(pren, pregn, priev) = to take, to seize
拉丁词根prehend来源于拉丁语的动词prehendere意为to seize，prehens是动名词词干，而pris则是prehens 在法语中的变体。prehend,prehens的变形有pren,pregn,priev，同义词根有来自拉丁语的cap/capt/cept/ceiv(cip,cup,ceit) ,empt/em,rap/rav,sum/sumpt,lab/lep等。
（pris,prehend 来源于拉丁文prendere,prehendere 意为to take,to seize。predere是prehendere的简型。 —— 刘毅英文根字典）
同源词：
1. comprise（一起抓 com(=together) + pris(=take)）
vt.由...组成；包含，包括
The american Union comprises fifty states. 美联邦由50个州组成。
2. apprise（把某物带给某人ap<ad(=to) + pris(=take)）
vt. sb + of + sth 告知
The army apprised the woman of her husband's death in military action. 部队告知那个女子她的丈夫在战斗中牺牲了。
3. enterprising（在期间夺取，占据的enter<inter(=between) + pris(=take)）
adj.有事业心的；进取的；有冒险精神的
enterprise n.事业；企业；进取精神，冒险精神
Her enterprising nature gives her a high probability for success as a CEO. 她积极进取的性格使她很有可能成为一名成功的首席执行官。
4. reprisal（困报答、回报而抓住re(=back) + pris(=take)）
n.报仇，报复
She didn't reprot her husband's abouse for of reprisals. 她因为害怕遭到报复而没有揭发丈夫的虐待行为。
5. imprison (*im<in(=into)进入+prison监狱→v.监禁)
v.囚禁，关押
6. imprisonment （“imprison”的派生）
n.关押，囚禁
one year's imprisonment 一年监禁
7. prison (pris拿住,抓住+on表名词→抓人之地)
n.监狱，牢狱；拘留所；监禁，囚禁，关押
prison breaking 越狱
be released from prison 被从监狱释放
8. prisoner
n.囚犯，犯人；俘虏
prisoner of conscience 政治犯；宗教犯
prisoner of war 战俘（缩写：P.O.W.）
9. surprise (sur在……上面+prise拿住,抓住→在上面突然被抓住→吃惊)
n.惊奇；惊人之事，意外之事；突袭，奇袭 v.使惊奇；突袭
adj.令人惊讶的，感到意外的 *sur(=above,over)
surprise party 惊喜聚会（秘密策划的庆祝活动）
be taken by surprise 遇到突袭
surprise attack / visit 突然袭击/突访
10. surprising (surprise诧异,惊异+ing状态→adj.令人惊讶的)
adj.令人惊讶的，意外的 *sur(=above,over)
surprisingly adv.惊讶地，意外地
11. prize
n.奖品；战利品（从敌方取得的物品，竞赛所获之物）(priz价值,估价+e→估价→珍视→奖赏, 奖金)
v.掳获得（以下的意思从price“价格而来的）adj.值得给奖的(priz价值,估价+e→估价→珍视→奖赏, 奖金)
v.珍视；估价(priz价值,估价+e→估价→珍视→奖赏, 奖金)
12. prehensile
adj.适于抓握的；有理解力的（能抓住的）《-ile 形容词字尾》
13. prehension
n.捕捉；领会；理解
14. apprehend
v.逮捕；理解；忧惧 （捕捉）《ap- = ad- = to》
apprehendsion n.逮捕；理解力；忧惧
aprehendsive adj.忧郁的；敏悟的；有知觉的
15. apprentice
n.学徒
v.使为学徒（捉来做徒弟）
16. apprenticeship
n.学徒的身份；学徒的期限《-ship 表示性质、状态的抽象名词字尾》
17. comprehend (com全部+prehend抓住→全部抓住→理解)
v.了解；领悟；包含（捉住~）《com- = with》
comprehensible adj.能理解的
comprehension n.理解（力）；包括
comprehensive adj.广博的；有理解力的
18. misapprehend (mis不+apprehend领会理解→v.误会,误解)
v.误解《mis- = wrong》
misapprehension n.误解
19. reprehend (re反+prehend抓住→反过来抓住[别人的缺点])
v.谴责,责难;申斥（逮捕带回）
reprehensible adj.应受谴责的；应受责难的
reprehension n.非难；谴责
词根：pris = take, 表示“拿住, 抓住”
surprise v. 吃惊（ sur突然+prise→突然被抓住→吃惊）
apprise v. 通知，报告（ap加强动作+prise→抓住[信息]→通知[情况]）
comprise v. 包括，含有（com全部+prise→全部抓住→包括）
enterprise n. 事业；进取心（enter进入+prise进入抓住[目标]→事业）
enterprising a. 有事业心的（enterprise+ing)
reprisal n. 报复（re反+prise+al→反过来抓住[别人]→报复）
prison n. 监狱（抓人之地）
imprison v. 监禁（im进入+prison监狱）
后缀：-ing ①[名词后缀]
1、构成抽象名词，表示行为、状态、情况及其他
learning 学问，学识
feeling 感觉
shopping 买东西
walking 步行，散步
farming 耕作
schooling 教育
teaching 教导
ageing 老化
sleeping 睡眠
swimming 游泳
shipping 装运
broadcasting 广播
2、表示...行业、...学、...术、...法
tailoring 裁缝业
shoemaking 制鞋业
banking 银行业，银行学
accounting 会计学，会计
hairdressing 理发业
bonesetting 正骨法
sailing 航海术，航法
boxing 拳术
3、表示总称及材料（与...有关之物，制...所有的材料）
clothing 衣服
hatting 制帽材料
bedding 床上用品
fleshing 肉色紧身衣
sacking 麻袋布
shirting 衬衫料
bagging 制袋用的材料
coating 上衣衣料
felting 制毡材料
4、表示某种行为的产物，为某种行为而用之物、与某种行为有关之物，与某种事物有关之物
building 建筑物，楼房
carving 雕刻物
holding 占有物
giving 给予物，礼物
colouring 颜料
winning 赢得物，锦标
filling 填充物，填料
legging 护腿，绑腿
footing 立足处，立足点
washing 待洗的衣服
②[形容词后缀]
表示“...的”、“正在...的”、“...着的”、“使...的”
changing 正在变化的
burning 燃烧的
fighting 战斗的
developing 发展中的
rising 上升的
encouraging 振奋人心的
surprising 使人惊讶的
exciting 使人兴奋的
growing 成长中的
falling 下降的
③[构成介词]
excepting 除...之外
regarding 关于
concerning 关于
failing 如果没有
during 在...期间
considering 考虑到，就...而论
词根词缀：capit-, capt-, cap-, cep-, ceps-, chapt-, chef, cip-
【来源及含义】Latin: head; leader, chief, or first
【相关描述】It may be surprising to see that a "captain" and a "chef" both belong to the same word family; however, a captain is, of course, the "head of a company of military soldiers", and a "chef is the captain of a group of cooks".
A chef, especially to those who love good food, is not a lowly official; and when it is remembered that the old saying that "an army travels on its stomach", a chef is every bit as important as a captain.
When the French borrowed words from Latin, they frequently used soft sounds. These French words, with their softer sounds, then made their way into the English language. At the same time, English borrowed words directly from Latin. So it is that in English we often have two words which share the same root, but which have different, though related, forms and meanings.
Don't confuse the words in this capit-, capt- unit with those in the cap-, cip-, "catch, seize" unit.
【同源单词】a capite ad calcem, achieve, achievement, achiever, acid rain, alopecia capitis totalis
词根词缀：oriri-, orir-, ori-, or-
【来源及含义】Latin: to rise, arising, to be born, source, original; the rising sun, east; to ascend, to spring up, to become visible, to appear
【同源单词】Ab origine, Ab origine fidelis, aboriginal, aboriginally, aboriginary, aborigine
词根词缀：villi-, vill-
【来源及含义】Latin: tuft of hair, fleece; a villus, a small protrusion, especially arising from a mucous membrane
【相关词根词缀】 Links to other hair-related units: alopec-; barba-; Beards; capillaro-; chaeto-; cirro-; coife; crino-; Hair & Beard Styles; hirsute; pilo-; pogo-; tricho-.
【同源单词】villiferous, villiform, villikinin, villin, villose, villositis