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词根:vol, volunt = will, free 意志, 意愿, 自由

  来自拉丁语的vol 意为will,free。词根vol,volunt分别来源于拉丁语velle/voluntas 意志/选择自由。

  (*拉丁文voluntas (=free,will)——英文字根字典)
 

同源词:

1. malevolent(带有不好的意图的 male<mal (=bad) + vol(=will))
  adj.有恶意的,坏心肠的
  malevolence n.恶意,狠毒
  I don't believe in ghosts,malevolent or otherwise.我不相信幽灵,不管它是善是恶。
 
2. benevolent(带有善良的、和善的意图的 bene(=good) + vol(=will))
  adj.仁慈的;亲切的;慈善的
  benevolence n.仁慈;慈善
  We often experience pleasure ourselves upon performing benevolent acts.在慈善行动中我们自己也常常体会到快乐。
 
3. volition(意志介入 vol(=will))
  n.意志,决断力;决定
  volitional adj.意志的
  We want our children to choose their careers of their own volition.我们希望孩子们能够根据自己的意愿选择职业。

4. voluptuous
  adj.性感的,激起情欲的;沉溺酒色的;满足感官的
  voluptuous music/beauty/thoughts/sensations 给人以快感的音乐/肉感美/淫念/性感
  lead a voluptuous life 过荒淫无度的生活
 
5. voluptuary
  adj/n.沉迷于酒色的(人)

6. volunteer
  n.(做令人不愉快的或危险事情的)志愿者;志愿兵 v.自愿提供;自愿做
  volunteer corps 义勇军
  volunteer police 志愿警察
  volunteer to help others 自愿帮助别人
  volunteer for service 自愿参军
 
7. voluntary
  adj.自发的;自愿的;靠自由捐助维持的;有意的
  voluntarity
  adv.自发地;自愿地
  voluntary contribution 自发的捐助
  voluntary workers 义工
  voluntary appearance/confession 主动出庭/主动坦白
 
8. involuntary
  adj.非自愿的,非本意的;无意的;不由自主的 *in(=not)
  involuntarily
  adv.不由自主地;非出于本意地
  involuntary slaughter 过失杀人(罪)
  involuntary servitude 强制劳役
 
9. volatile
  adj.(液体等)易发挥的;(性格)活泼的;反复无常的;轻浮的;(政局等)紧张的 *vol(=fly)
  volatility n.挥发性;挥发度
  volatile oil 挥发性汽油
  volatile salt 碳酸铵

后缀:-wise [副词后缀]有的兼作形容词后缀

1、常与-ways通用,表示方向、方式、状态

crosswise 交叉地(的)

cornerwise 对角地,斜

endwise 末端朝前地

coastwise 沿海岸

lengthwise 纵长地

sidewise 斜向一边地(的)

2、也有不与-ways通用者

clockwise 顺时针方向

sunwise 顺日转方向

moneywise 在金钱方面

dropwise 一滴一滴地

contrariwise 相反地

likewise 同样地

otherwise 要不然,否则

crabwise 似蟹横行地

pairwise 成双成对地

stepwise 逐步的

词根词缀:-tion

【来源及含义】Latin: a suffix forming nouns from verbs of condition and action; an act or process: resumption, absorption; state or condition, redemption, exhaustion; something resulting from or otherwise related to an act or process, assumption, friction

【相关描述】This unit is presenting a small fraction of the hundreds of words ending with the suffix of -tion; however, there is a significant number of words which may help everyone have a better understanding and appreciation of the use of this element.

【同源单词】abduction, abjection, ablution, ablution, abolition, abruption