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词根:lumin (lun) = light

  词根lumin 来自拉丁语的lumin 意为light。lun是它的变形。同义词根有来自拉丁语的luc/lux/lust和来自希腊语的photo以及来自盎格鲁-撒克逊语的light。
    (*拉丁文lumen (=light),luminare (=to light up) —— 英文字根字典)

同源词:

1. luminous adj. 发光的,明亮的;清楚的,易懂的 [充满光的、明白的lumin (=light)]
  luminosity n.光明,光辉;发光度;发光物
  We saw several luminous sea creatures on our deep dive.我们深度潜水时看到了几个发光的海底生物。

2. luminary n.发光体,天体(如太阳、月亮、星星等);(在学识、道德或精神方面有影响力的)杰出人物;才智出众的人 *ary(=person who)

3. luminescence n.萤光;冷光

4. luminiferous adj.发光的(带光)《fer = to carry》

5. illuminate v.照亮,照明;(作为祝贺的表示,在街道上) 用灯装饰;阐明;启发;用金色、银色、红色或图案等装饰(起首字母或手搞)《il- = in- = on,upon》
  street illuminated by oil lamps 用油灯照明的街道;poorly illuminated rooms 照明不好的房间;illuminate a difficult passage in a book 阐明书中令人费解的一段

6. illumination n.照明,照亮;灯饰(用金色或鲜明的色彩、图案)装饰(起首字母或手搞)《il- = in- = on,upon》

7. lunatic n.疯子,狂人;极端愚蠢的人 adj.精神错乱的,疯狂的;极端愚蠢的 *lun<lumin(=light)
  lunatic asylunm 疯人院;lunatic fringe (政治、文学、宗教等的)少数狂热派、极端派;lunatic proposal 极端愚蠢的提案

8. lunacy n.精神失常;愚蠢的行为,疯狂的行为 *lun<lunmin (=light)
  It's sheer lunacy.这简直就是愚蠢的行为。

词根:lumin = light, 表示“光”

illuminate n. 照亮;阐明(il一再+lumin+ate→给予光明→照亮)

illumination n. 阐明;明亮(illuminate+ion)

illuminance n. 照明度(il+lumin+ance状态→亮的状态)

luminary n. 发光体;杰出人物(lumin+ary东西或人→发亮的人→名人)

luminous a. 发亮的(lumin+ous)

luminosity n. 光明,光辉(lumin+osity多…的状态→多光→光辉)

luminescent a. 发光的(lumin+escent开始…的→开始有光的→发光的)

luminescence n. 发光(lumin+escence)

unilluminating a. 无启发性的(un不+illuminate启发,阐明+ing)

前缀:il-, ir-

① 放在同辅音词根前表示“不,无”

illegal 非法的(il+legal合法的)

illiterate 不识字的(il+literate认字的)

illogical 不合逻辑的(il+logical逻辑的)

illimitable 无限的(il+limit限制+able)

irregular 不规则的(ir+regular规则的)

irrational 不合理的(ir+rational合理的)

irrelative 无关的(ir+relative相关的)

irresolute 无决断力的(ir+resolute果断的)

irreproadchable 无可指责的(ir+reproachable能被指责的)

irrefutable 无可反驳的(ir+refutable可反驳的)

irresistible 不可抗拒的(ir+resistible可抗拒的)

irrevocable 不可取消的(ir+revocable可取消的;来自:revoke取消)

② 表示“使….成为,进入”

illustrate 说明,阐明(il+lustr光+ate→进入光明→说明)

illuminate 照亮;使明白(il+lumin光+ate→进入光明→说明)

illusion 幻觉(il+lus玩弄+ion→被〔幻觉〕玩弄→幻觉)

illusory 虚幻的(来自illusion)

irruption 闯入,冲入(ir+rupt断+ion→打断〔别人〕→闯入)

irradiate 使明亮,生辉(ir+radi发光+ate→发光→生辉)

irritate 激怒;刺激(ir+rit擦+ate→进入磨擦→激怒)

词根:lumin

luminary [lumin光,-ary表示人或物] 发光体,杰出人物

luminesce [lumin光,-esce动词后缀] 发光

luminescent [lumin光,-escent形容词后缀] 发光的

luminiferous [lumin光,-i-,fer带有,产生,-ous…的] 有光的,发光的

luminous [lumin光,-ous…的] 发光的,发亮的

luminosity [lumin光,-osity名词后缀] 光明,光辉

illuminate [il-加强意义,lumin光,-ate动词后缀] 照亮,照明,阐明,使明白

illumination [见上,-ation名词后缀] 照亮,照明,阐明,解释

illuminator [见上,-ator表示人或物] 发光器,照明装置,启发器

illuminatant [见上,-ant名词兼形容词后缀] 发光物;发光的,照明的

illuminable [见上,-able可…的] 可被照明的

relumine [re-再,lumeni光→照] 重新点燃,使重新照亮

前缀:il-( 用在l之前)

1、不、无、非

illegal 非法的

illogical 不合逻辑的

illiterate 不识字的

illimitable 无限的

illocal 位置不定的

illiberal 不大方的

2、加强或引申意义

illustrate 说明,表明

illuminate 照耀

词根词缀:alumino-, alumin-

【来源及含义】Latin: aluminum [U.S.] and aluminium, [British]

【相关描述】This term was coined in 1812 by its discoverer, the British chemist Sir Humphry Davy, as an alteration of the earlier [1808] New Latin alumium, that was also coined by Sir Davy from alumina, a mineral occurring in nature as corundum plus -ium, a suffix meaning, in this case, "metal").

The variant form aluminium, which is preferred in British usage, also appeared in 1812 as a deliberate alteration of aluminum in order to eliminate confusion because of the partial resemblance to other names of certain elements, such as sodium, potassium, and magnesium, all of which were coined earlier by Sir Davy.

【同源单词】aluminate, alumine, aluminium, Aluminoid, aluminosis, aluminothermy

词根词缀:in-2

【来源及含义】Latin: in, into, within, inside, on, toward [il-, ir-, im-], in, into, etc.: include, incur, invade; also, used intensively, as in the words inflame and inflammable, or without perceptible force.

【相关描述】The in- changes or is assimilated to il- before l, as with "illuminate", to im- before b, as with "imbibe"; before m, as with "immediate"; before p, as with "implant"; and to ir- before r, as with "irrigate".

The form generally remains unassimilated in words formed in English; such as, inbreed.

Don't confuse this in-2, meaning "in, into, within", etc. with the Latin prefix in-1 meaning "not" nor with the prefix for English-origin words in-3 meaning "in, into; within".

【同源单词】illuminate, imbibe, immigrate, import, inaugurate, incalescent