词根：punct, pung(punc, pounc, polgn, pon, point) = to prick（刺）,

  词根来源于拉丁动词pungere,"to prick or stab",和拉丁名词punctum," point"。punc,pounc,poign,pon,point 等是它们的变形。同义词根有来自拉丁语的stinct/sting/stig/sti。

  （*拉丁文pungere(=to prick)。过去分词是由“穿刺”引申为“（突出之）点”的意思。 —— 英文根字典）
 

同源词：

1. compunction （用力地、狠狠地扎 com(=intensive)加强意义 + punct(=prick)刺 + -ion 名词后缀；“良心受到刺痛”-->内疚，后悔）
  n.良心的谴责；悔恨
  compunctious adj.内疚的，后悔的
  compunctiously adv.后悔地
  Some parents feel no compunction at beating their disobedient children. 有些父母因为孩子不听话崦打孩子时，从不感到内疚。

2. punctilio （突出的小点）
  n.（仪式等的）细枝；拘泥细节
  stand upon punctilios 过分拘泥于细节

3. punctilious (punct点,变尖,指,针+ilious→[做事]点滴不漏→小心的)
  adj.谨小慎微的；拘泥于细节的
  punctiliously adv. 谨小慎微地；拘泥于细节地

4. punctual (punct点,变尖,指,针+ual……的→着眼于一点的→限于一限于一点的→不偏不差的→)
  adj.严守时间的，准时的；精确的
  punctually adv.严守时间地
  (as) punctual as the clock （像钟表般）准时的
  punctual to the minute 分秒不差，准时
  be punctual for the lecture /in payment of one's rent 准时上课/按时交纳房租

5. punctuality (punctual[adj.严守时刻的,准时的,正点的]+ity表名词后缀→n.准时)
  n.严守时间

6. punctuate (punct点,变尖,指,针+ -u- + -ate 动词后缀→加上点→加标点)
  v.在...间加标点；不时打断
  speech punctuated with cheers 不时被叫喝彩声打断的演说
  punctuate one's remarks with thumps on the table 时不时敲击桌子打断某人的话

7. punctuation (punctuate[v.加标点于;不时打断]+ion表名词→punctuation标点)
  n.标点
  punctuation mark 标点

8. puncture (punct点,变尖,指,针+ -ure 名词后缀→点[进去]→刺穿；（转为动词后为（用针）刺，刺破）)
  v.穿孔，扎，刺
  n.（用尖的东西扎出的）小孔
  puncture an abscess /her husband's ego 刺破脓肿/刺伤自己丈夫的自尊心
  Two of my tires punctured while i was on that stony road. 经过满是石子的马路时，我的两个车胎被扎破了。

9. expunge
  v.擦去，抹去；删除 *ex(=out)

10. pungent (pung(=punct,punct通过音变g <-- ct,变成了pung)点,变尖,指,针+ent……的→尖的→尖锐的)
  adj.（气味、味道）辛辣的；刺激性的；（言语等）尖锐的，辛辣的，尖刻的
  pungently adv. 辛辣地；刺激地
  pungency n.辛辣；尖锐；刺激性
  pungent sauce 辛辣的酱汁
  pungent criticism /remarks /satire 尖刻的批评/话/讽刺

11. pounce
  v.猛扑；突袭 *pounc<pung(=prick)
  The tiger pounced savagely on a mouse. 那只老虎猛地扑向一只老鼠。

12. punch (punch=punct点,变尖,指,针→n.冲压机,冲床;穿孔机 v.冲压,穿孔)
  n.打孔；打孔机，穿孔机，冲压机；猛击，用拳头击打；力量；活力；潘趣酒（酒、果、汁、香料等混合而成的饮料）v.（用打孔机）打孔、冲孔；用拳头猛击 *punc<pung(=prick)
  give him a punch on the nose 对他的鼻子猛地一击
  punched cards 打孔卡
  punch him on the chin 对他的下巴猛地一击
  face i'd like to punch 欠揍的脸
  Punch-and-Judy show 英国滑稽木偶剧（主人公潘趣杀死了孩子和妻子朱迪，最终被判处绞刑）
  (as) pleased / proud ad Punch 非常开心/骄傲的

13. poignant
  adj.痛切的；伤心的；辛酸的 *poign<pung(=prick)
  poignantly adv.惨痛地；伤心地；辛酸地
  poignancy n.辛酸；惨痛；伤心
  poignant sorrow/regret/memories 彻骨的伤痛/深深的懊悔/痛苦的回忆

14. poniard
  n.短剑，匕首 v.以匕首刺 *pounc<pung(=prick)

15. point
  v.（~to）指；显示，表示，表明；（~at）向...瞄准；指向...；（~out）指出；削尖（铅笔等）；强调
  n.要点，要义，论点；项目，细目；特点；瞬间，刹那；（钉子、铅笔、刀的）尖头，尖端；岬；（作为符号的）点；（空间、时间上的或想法的）点；（温度计、指南针等的）度；得分，评分；学分 *point<pung(=prick)
  The clock points to twelve. 时钟指向12点
  Don't point a finger at a lady. 不要用手指着女士。
  point a pencil 把铅笔削尖
  miss the point 没抓住要点
  What's the point? 重点是什么？
  good /bad points 优点/缺点
  turning point 转折点
  at the point of the sword/bayonet 剑拔弩张
  decimal point 小数点
  the boiling /freezing/melting point 沸点/冰点/熔点
  vantage point 优势地点
  trading point 交易地点
  to a certain point 到某种程度
  score twenty points 得20分
  Grade Point Average 平均成绩点数（缩写：GPA）
  point system 驾驶违规的记分制度

16. pointed
  adj.有针对性的（明确指向某人或行为）；尖锐的 *point<pung(=prick)
  pointed reproof 尖锐的指责
  show pointed attentions to the glamorous movie star 十分关注那位迷人的电影明星

17. point-bland
  adj.（射击）近距离平射的；直截了当地 *blank(=white),point<pung(=prick)
  fire at point-blank range 近距离射击
  point-blank refusal 直截了当的拒绝

18. pointer
  n.指针；短毛大猎狗 *point<pung(=prick)

19. pointless
  adj.无意义的；没有目标的，无目的的；未得分的 **point<pung(=prick),less(=without)
  pointless draw 零比零

20. appoint (ap加强+point指→指定)
  v.任命，委任；指定（时间、地点等）；约定；给...提供装备 *ap<ad(=to),point<pung(=prick)
  appointee n.被任命者

21. appointed
  adj.指定的，指派的；约定的；设备好的 *ap<ad(=to),point<pung(=prick)
  at the appointed time 在约定的时间
  his appointed task 指派给他的任务
  well-appointed/badly-appointed library 设备好的/简陋的图书馆

22. appointment
  n.指定；任命，作用；约会；职位，职务；（pl.）设备，阵设 *ap<ad(=to),point<pung(=prick)
  make /keep/break an appointment with him 约好和他见面/遵守约定与他见面/失约没去和他见面
  get a good appointment in a business firm 在公司里谋求到一个好职位

23. disappoint (dis不+appoint任命→不被任命→使失望)
  v.使失望；挫败（计划等）；使（希望等）破灭 *dis(=away,apart),ap<ad(=to),point<pung(=prick)
  disappointed adj.失望的
  disappointing adj.令人失望的，辜负期望的
  disappointedly adv.失望地，灰心地

24. disappointment
  n.失望；令人失望的人（或事物） *dis(=away,apart),ap<ad(=to),point<pung(=prick)
  to my great disappointment 令我极其失望的是
  suffer many disappointments in love 经历多次失恋

25. acupuncture (acu尖+punct点+ure表名词→用尖[针]点→针炙)
  n.针炙

26. punctate（punct 点 + -ate 形容词后缀，...的）
  adj.缩成一点的，点状的

27. punctum（点，-um 名词后缀）n.斑点

词根词缀：alumino-, alumin-

【来源及含义】Latin: aluminum [U.S.] and aluminium, [British]

【相关描述】This term was coined in 1812 by its discoverer, the British chemist Sir Humphry Davy, as an alteration of the earlier [1808] New Latin alumium, that was also coined by Sir Davy from alumina, a mineral occurring in nature as corundum plus -ium, a suffix meaning, in this case, "metal").

The variant form aluminium, which is preferred in British usage, also appeared in 1812 as a deliberate alteration of aluminum in order to eliminate confusion because of the partial resemblance to other names of certain elements, such as sodium, potassium, and magnesium, all of which were coined earlier by Sir Davy.

【同源单词】aluminate, alumine, aluminium, Aluminoid, aluminosis, aluminothermy

词根词缀：gibb-, gibbo-, gibboso-

【来源及含义】Latin: hump, humpbacked

【同源单词】gibbosity, gibbous, gibbus

词根词缀：kyph-, kypho-, cyph-, cypho-

【来源及含义】Greek: bent; humped, humpbacked

【同源单词】cyrtosis, ithyokyphosis, kyphophobia, kyphoplasty, kyphorrhinos, kyphosis