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词根:pun, pen(poen) = to punish, pen

  来自拉丁语的pun,pen 意为to punish,pen 变形为poen。同义词根为来自拉丁语的veng。

  (*拉丁文poena (=penalty),punire (=to punish)——英文字根字典)

同源词:

1. impunity(不受惩罚 im<in(=not) + pun(=punish))
  n.免除(惩罚、损害等)
  Citizens bribe public officials with impunity in many third world nation. 在许多第三世界国家,公民向公务员行贿可以不受惩罚。

2. penal(是惩罚、刑罚的 pen (=punishment))
  adj.刑罚的,刑事的
  penalize v.对...处罚;使处于不利地位
  penalty n.处罚,刑罚;罚金;犯规处罚
  penally adv.用刑罚;刑事上
  The warden has been advocating penal reform for many years.那监狱长很多年以来一直在提倡刑罚改革。

3. impenitent
  adj.不知悔改的 *im<in(=not)
 
4. impunity
  n.不受惩罚;免受伤害《im- = in = not》

5. penance
  n.赎罪,苦修

6. penitence
  n.后悔,改过;忏悔

7. penitent
  adj.悔罪的;后悔的

8. penitential
  adj.后悔的,忏悔的,悔过的;苦修赎罪的

9. penology
  n.刑罚学;监狱管理学

10. punishment
  n.惩罚,处罚,惩戒;刑罚;<口>虐待
  punish v.惩罚
  punishable adj.可处罚的
  capital punishment 极刑
  corporal punishment 体罚
  disciplinary punishment 纪律处罚
  divine punishment 天罚

11. punitive
  adj.刑罚的;惩罚的
  punitive expedition 讨伐
  punitive justice 困果报应

12. repent
  v.后悔,悔改 *re(=again,back)

13. repentant
  adj.后悔的,悔改的 *re(=again,back)
  repentant sinner 悔过自新的罪人
  repentant of his folly 对自己的愚蠢行为感到后悔
  the righteous and the repentant 正人君子和悔改者

14. subpoena
  n.[律]传票 v.传唤,传讯 *sub(=under) ,poen<pen(=punish)
  be subpoenaed as a withness 作为证人被传唤

15. penitentiary
  n.监狱 adj.导致监禁的;用做惩处的;监狱的 (使其反悔的地方)《-ary 表示场所的后缀》

16. penalize
  v.宣告有罪;规定应罚

词根词缀:satir-

【来源及含义】Latin: poetic medley, satire: the use of irony, sarcasm, or ridicule in exposing, denouncing, or deriding vice, folly, etc.

【相关词根词缀】Related "jest; joke; wit; humor; funny" word units: faceti-; farc-; humor-; jocu-; lud-.

【同源单词】satire, satiric, satirical, satirically, satiricalness, satirist

词根词缀:stulti-, stult-

【来源及含义】Latin: foolish, foolishness, folly, silliness

【同源单词】Infinitus est numerus stultorum, Nisi utile est quod facimus stulta est gloriae, Nomina stultorum parietibus haerent, stultification, stultified, stultifier