词根词缀：angi-, angio-, angei-, -angium

【来源及含义】Greek > Latin: [receptacle], vessel, often a blood vessel; "covered by a seed or vessel", a seed vessel; a learned borrowing from Greek meaning "vessel", "container"

【相关词根词缀】Inter-related cross references, directly or indirectly, involving "blood" word units: apheresis; -emia; hemo-; hemoglobin-; phleb-; sangui-; vas-; vascul-.

【同源单词】adenoangiosarcoma, anangioid, anangioplasia, angialgia, angiasthenia, angiectasia

词根词缀：axillo-, axill-, axil-

【来源及含义】Latin: armpit; angle; borrowed directly from Latin ala which meant both "wing" and "the hollow under a wing or an arm"

【同源单词】armpit, axil, axilla, axillant, axillar, axillary

词根词缀：balustrad-, balust-, balaust-

【来源及含义】Greek balaustion > Latin balaustium: supporting post of a railing on a balcony, staircase, etc. Borrowed from Italian balaustro, from balaustra; so called because of the resemblance of a baluster to the double-curving calyx tube of the "wild pomegranate flower".

【同源单词】baluster, baluster measure, baluster stem, balustered, baluster-shaft, balustrade

词根词缀：capit-, capt-, cap-, cep-, ceps-, chapt-, chef, cip-

【来源及含义】Latin: head; leader, chief, or first

【相关描述】It may be surprising to see that a "captain" and a "chef" both belong to the same word family; however, a captain is, of course, the "head of a company of military soldiers", and a "chef is the captain of a group of cooks".

A chef, especially to those who love good food, is not a lowly official; and when it is remembered that the old saying that "an army travels on its stomach", a chef is every bit as important as a captain.

When the French borrowed words from Latin, they frequently used soft sounds. These French words, with their softer sounds, then made their way into the English language. At the same time, English borrowed words directly from Latin. So it is that in English we often have two words which share the same root, but which have different, though related, forms and meanings.

Don't confuse the words in this capit-, capt- unit with those in the cap-, cip-, "catch, seize" unit.

【同源单词】a capite ad calcem, achieve, achievement, achiever, acid rain, alopecia capitis totalis

词根词缀：clon-, clono-, -cloner, -clonal, -clonally

【来源及含义】Greek: twig; later, in modern usage: "exact duplicate, carbon copy, replica"

【相关描述】As early as 1903, it pertained to plants, borrowed from Greek "twig"; related to "vine, branch, sprout", and "to break". The figurative extension "exact duplicate, carbon copy, replica" is first recorded around 1978.

【同源单词】clon, clonal, clonality, clone, cloner, cloning

词根词缀：gram-, -gram-, -gram, -grammatic, -grammatical, -grammatically, -gramme, -grammic

【来源及含义】Greek: write, writing, something written, a written record, a recording; letters; words; later, a small weight, a unit of mass in the metric system

【相关描述】A unit of weight in the metric system from 1797 gramme, borrowing of French gramme, from Late Latin gramma, "small weight"; from Greek gramma, "small weight"; originally, "something written"; from the stem of graphein, "to draw, to write".

【相关词根词缀】Related "writing" word units: glypto-; graph-; scrib-, script-.

【同源单词】accelerogram, achillogram, acoustogram, acrogram, acronym, actinogram

词根词缀：hubris-

【来源及含义】Greek: wanton violence, riotousness, insolence; outrage; arrogance

【相关描述】Borrowed from Greek hybristikos, "insolent, wanton", from hybrizein, "to insult, to act outrageously", from hybris, "wanton violence, insolence".

【同源单词】hubris, hubristic, hubristically

词根词缀：inter-, intero-

【来源及含义】Latin: between; among, mutually, together; on the inside, internal

【相关描述】Although abstracted from the many compounds in which it entered English, the form inter- was not generally considered a living prefix in English until the 1400s.

During the later period of Middle English many words borrowed in the Old and Middle French forms entre-, enter- began to be consciously respelled with Latin inter-; although vestiges of the older French borrowings are found in entertain and enterprise.

The living prefix inter- is now freely added to almost any element in English to create such formations with the meaning of "between" and "among". The words formed by intra- are closely related to this inter- prefix; in fact, they both apparently came from the same Latin source.

【相关词根词缀】 Related "together" units: com-; greg-; struct-. Cross references of word families related directly, or indirectly, to: "internal organs, entrails, inside": ent-; enter-; fistul-; incret-; intra-; splanchn-; viscer-.

【同源单词】ad interim, anterointernal, Caput inter nubila condit, electrical interference, electron compound, inter canem et lupum

词根词缀：intra-

【来源及含义】Latin: within, inside, on the inside

【相关描述】Borrowed from late Latin intra-; closely related to inter-, "between". The use of intra- is largely a product of modern times, occurring in words of common and technical vocabulary, where once it was generally a term used in science and the academic world.

While some words are borrowings from Medieval and even Late Latin, few if any come from Classical Latin.

【相关词根词缀】Cross references of word families related directly, or indirectly, to: "internal organs, entrails, inside": ent-; enter-; fistul-; incret-; inter-; splanchn-; viscer-.

【同源单词】Ab intra, abdominohysterotomy, Discere si cupias intra, endopelvic, international, intra muros

词根词缀：intro-

【来源及含义】Latin: within, inside, into, in, inward

【相关描述】Borrowed from Latin intro-, from pre-Latin interos, from inter-,"between".

【同源单词】introduce, introduced, introducer, introduction, introductive, introductory