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词根:acerb = bitter, harsh

  词根acerb来自拉丁语的acerb意为bitter,barsh。

同源词:

1. exacerbate vi.使痛苦、疾病等)恶化;激怒 (使非常痛苦或难受 ex(=intensive) + acerb(=bitter,harsh))
  exacerbation 恶化;激怒
  Many study shows that stress and tension can exacerbate pain.很多研究表明压力和紧张会加剧疼痛。

2. acerbity n.尖酸;酸,苦,辣

前缀:em-, en-

① 表示"进入…之中,包围"

embrace 拥抱(em+brace胳膊→进入怀抱)

embed 安置;嵌于(em+bed范围;床→进入范围→安置)

empathy 感情相融的(em+pathy感情→进入感情)

embarrass 使难堪(em+barrass套子→进入套子→难堪)

embattle 整军备战(em+battle战斗)

enroll 注册,记入名册(en+roll名单)

encage 关入笼中(en+cage笼子)

enchain 束缚(en+chain锁链)

② 表示"使…进入状态"

empower 授权(em+power权力)

embitter 使痛苦(em+bitter痛苦的)

embody 体现(em+body身体→〔精神〕进入身体→体现)

embellish 装饰(em+bell美好+ish→进入美好→装饰)

emboss 使凸出(em+boss凸出→使凸出)

empyreal 天空的(em+pyre火+al→进入火、太阳→天空的)

enact 制定;颁布(en+act行动→进入行动→颁布〔法令〕)

enchant 使迷醉(en+chant咒语→被咒语所迷醉)

encompass 包围,围绕(en+compass包围)

endanger 使危险(en+danger危险)

encourage 鼓励(en+courage勇气→使人进入勇气→鼓励)

enlighten 启发,开导(en+ligh光+en→给人光明→启发)

前缀:em-

1、表示“置于…之内”、“上…”

embay 使(船)入湾

embus 装入车中,上车

embosom 藏于胸中,怀抱

emplane 乘飞机

embog 使陷入泥沼中

embed 安置(ad in a bed)

2、表示“用…做某事”、“饰以…”、“配以…”

embalm 涂以香料

emblazon 饰以纹章

embank 筑提防护

embar 上门闩

3、表示“使成某种状态”、“致使…”、“使之如…”、“作成…”

embow 使成弓形

empower 使有权力,授权

empurple 使发紫

embody 体现,使具体化

embitter 使苦

embrown 使成褐色

后缀:-ness [名词后缀]

加在形容词之后,构成抽象名词,表示性质、情况、状态

greatness 伟大

friendliness 友好,友善

kindness 仁慈,好意

darkness 黑暗

emptimess 空虚,空洞

likeness 相似,类似

willingness 心甘情愿

softness 柔软

goodness 善行,优良

badness 恶劣,坏

weakness 懦弱,虚弱

tiredness 疲倦,疲劳

bitterness 苦,苦难

holiness 神圣

idleness 懒惰

blindness 盲目

词根词缀:acerb-, acerbo-; acri-, acrid-

【来源及含义】Latin: bitter, sharp, sour, stinging

【相关描述】Formed from a blend of Latin acer- (feminine acris, neuter acre) which are both related to Latin acus, "needle"; acies, "sharp edge, point, the front of an army, line of battle, battle array"; and acuere, "to sharpen".

【相关词根词缀】 Cross references of word families that are related directly, or indirectly, to: "sour, sharp": aceto-; acid-; acies- (not "sour"); acuto- (not "sour"); oxy-; pung- (not "sour").

【同源单词】acerbate, acerbic, acerbity, acerbophobia, acerophobia, acerose

词根词缀:auster-

【来源及含义】Greek: austeros, harsh, rough, bitter > Latin: dry, harsh, sour, tart

【同源单词】anti-austerity protest, austere, austerely, austereness, austerity, austerity

词根词缀:iron-, ironi-

【来源及含义】Greek > Latin > Old French > French: pretended ignorance; saying the opposite of what a person really means

【相关描述】From Greek eironeia to Latin ironia to Old French to French ironie which signified "deliberately pretending ignorance, particularly as a rhetorical device to get the better of one's opponent in an argument".

【同源单词】bitter irony, dramatic irony, iron, ironic, ironical, ironically

词根词缀:picro-, picr-

【来源及含义】Greek: bitter, sharp, pungent

【同源单词】picric, picrocarmine, picrogeusia, picrorrhiza, picrotoxin, picrotoxinin