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convivial [convivial 词源字典]: convivial: see vivid
[convivial etymology, convivial origin, 英语词源]
revive: revive: see vivid
survive: survive: see vivid
vivacious: vivacious: see victuals
vivid: vivid: [17] Vivid was acquired from Latin vīvidus ‘full of life, lively’. This was derived from vīvere ‘live’, which in turn went back to the Indo- European base *gwei-, source also of English biology, quick, and zoo. To the same immediate word-family belong convivial [17], revive [15], survive [15], victuals, viper, vital, vitamin, vivacious [17], and vivisection [18].
=> biology, convivial, quick, revive, survive, victuals, viper, vital, vitamin, vivacious, vivisection, zoo
viviparous: viviparous: see parent
bon vivant (n.): also bon-vivant, "one fond of good living," 1690s, French (see bon); the fem. is bonne vivante.
convival (adj.): 1640s, from Latin convivalis, from conviva, from convivere (see convivial). Has been replaced in most uses by convivial.
convive (n.): 1640s, from French convive, from Latin conviva "one who feasts with others," from convivere (see convivial). In mid-19c., also "woman 'who lives in the same house with a number of others.' "
convivial (adj.): 1660s, "pertaining to a feast," from Late Latin convivialis, from Latin convivium "a feast," from convivere "to carouse together," from com- "together" (see com-) + vivere "to live" (see vital). Meaning "sociable" is from 18c. Related: Conviviality.
in vivo: Latin; "within a living organism" (see viva).
joie de vivre (n.): 1889, French, literally "joy of living."
modus vivendi (n.): 1879, Latin, literally "way of living or getting along" (see modus).
Modus vivendi is any temporary compromise that enables parties to carry on pending settlement of a dispute that would otherwise paralyse their activities. [Fowler]
ovoviviparous (adj.): 1801, from comb. form of ovum + viviparous.
qui vive: 1726, in on the qui vive "on the alert," from French qui voulez-vous qui vive? sentinel's challenge, "whom do you wish to live," literally "(long) live who?" In other words, "whose side are you on?" (The answer might be Vive la France, Vive le roi, etc.).
revival (n.): 1650s, "act of reviving;" 1660s, "the bringing of an old play back to the stage," from revive + -al (2). First in sense "general religious awakening in a community" by Cotton Mather, 1702; revivalist is first attested 1812.
revive (v.): early 15c., "return to consciousness; restore to health," from Middle French revivre (10c.), from Latin revivere "to live again," from re- "again" (see re-) + vivere "to live" (see vital). Meaning "bring back to notice or fashion" is from mid-15c. Related: Revived; reviving.
survivability (n.): 1881, from survivable + -ity.
survivable (adj.): "capable of being survived," 1961, of automobile wrecks, from survive + -able. Earlier "capable of surviving," 1879.
survival (n.): 1590s, "act of surviving; continuation after some event," from survive + -al (2). Phrase survival of the fittest (1864) was used by Spencer in place of Darwin's natural selection.
survivalist (n.): from 1882 in various senses, from survival + -ist. As "one who practices outdoor survival skills" (often in anticipation of apocalypse or in fear of government), attested by 1981.
survive (v.): mid-15c. (implied in surviving), "to outlive, continue in existence after the death of another," originally in the legal (inheritance) sense, from Anglo-French survivre, Old French souvivre (12c., Modern French survivre), from Latin supervivere "live beyond, live longer than," from super "over, beyond" (see super-) + vivere "to live" (see vivid). Intransitive sense "to live on" is from late 15c. Related: Survived; surviving.
surviver (n.): c. 1600, rare nativized agent noun from survive.
survivor (n.): early 15c. in the legal sense of "one who outlives another," agent noun from survive. Meaning "one who has a knack for pulling through adversity" is attested from 1971. Survivor syndrome is first recorded 1968.
viva (interj.): 1640s, from Italian viva "(long) live, may he (or she) live," third person singular present subjunctive of vivere "to live," from Latin vivere "to live" (see vital). Probably reborrowed (1836) from Spanish viva, from vivir "to live," from Latin vivere. Sometimes also in Latin form vivat (1660s).
viva voce: also viva-voce, "by word of mouth," 1580s, Latin, literally "living-voice," ablative of viva vox.
vivace (adv.): 1680s, from Italian vivace "brisk, lively," from Latin vivac-, stem of vivax "lively, vigorous; long-lived, enduring" (see vivacity).
vivacious (adj.): 1640s, from Latin vivax (genitive vivacis) "lively, vigorous" (see vivacity) + -ous. Related: Vivaciously.
vivacity (n.): early 15c., "liveliness, vigor," from Old French vivacite or directly from Latin vivacitatem (nominative vivacitas) "vital force, liveliness," from vivax (genitive vivacis) "lively," also "long-lived," from vivere "to live" (see vital).
vivarium (n.): c. 1600, "game park," from Latin vivarium "enclosure for live game, park, warren, preserve, fish pond," noun use of neuter singular of vivarius "pertaining to living creatures," from vivus "alive, living" (see vivid). Meaning "glass bowl for studying living creatures" is from 1853.
vive (interj.): 1590s (in vive le roi), from French, literally "long live ______;" French equivalent of viva (q.v.). Jocular phrase vive la différence in reference to the difference between men and women is recorded from 1963. Also in vive la bagatelle, literally "long live nonsense," denoting a carefree attitude to life.
Vivian: masc. proper name, from Latin Vivianus (source also of French Vivien), literally "living, alive," (see vivid). But Klein says it is "prob. a misreading of the Celtic name Ninian."
vivid (adj.): 1630s, from French vivide and perhaps also directly from Latin vividus "spirited, animated, lively, full of life," from vivus "alive," from PIE *gweie- (1) "to live" (see bio-). Extension to colors is from 1660s. Sense of "strong, distinct" (as of memories, etc.) is from 1680s; that of "very active or intense" (as of imagination, interest, etc.) is from 1853. Related: Vividly; vividness.
vivify (v.): late 14c., from Old French vivifier "come alive; give life to" (12c.), from Late Latin vivificare "make alive, restore to life," from vivificus "enlivening," from Latin vivus "alive" (see vivid) + root of facere "to make" (see factitious). Vivificate in same sense is recorded from early 15c.
viviparous (adj.): 1640s, from Late Latin viviparus "bringing forth alive," from Latin vivus "alive, living" (see vivid) + parere "bring forth, bear" (see pare). See viper.
vivisect (v.): 1852, back-formation from vivisection. Related: Vivisected; vivisecting.
vivisection (n.): "dissection of a living animal," 1694, from Latin vivus "alive" (see vivid) + ending from dissection). Related: Vivisectionist.
vive la difference: "An expression of approval of difference, especially that between the sexes", From French vive la différence, literally 'long live the difference'.
revivify: "Give new life or vigour to", Late 17th century: from French revivifier or late Latin revivificare (see re-, vivify).