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stout (adj.)[stout 词源字典]: c. 1300, "proud, valiant, strong," from Old French estout "brave, fierce, proud," earlier estolt "strong," from a Germanic source from West Germanic *stult- "proud, stately, strutting" (cognates: Middle Low German stolt "stately, proud," German stolz "proud, haughty, arrogant, stately"), from PIE root *stel- "to put, stand" (see stall (n.1)). Meaning "strong in body, powerfully built" is attested from late 14c., but has been displaced by the (often euphemistic) meaning "thick-bodied, fat and large, bulky in figure," which is first recorded 1804. Original sense preserved in figurative phrase stout-hearted (1550s). Related: Stoutly; stoutness.[stout etymology, stout origin, 英语词源]
strongly (adv.): Old English stranglice "firmly, stoutly, boldly, bravely;" see strong (adj.) + -ly (2).
turbit: "A stoutly built pigeon of a domestic breed with a neck frill and short beak", Late 17th century: apparently from Latin turbo 'spinning top', from its shape.