英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

plenty [plenty 词源字典]: plenty: [13] Plenty is one of a family of English words that trace their history back to Latin plēnus ‘full’ (a descendant of the same Indo- European base, *plē-, as produced English full and plethora). Others include plenary [16], plenipotentiary [17], plenitude [15], plenteous [13], and replenish. Plenty itself comes via Old French plentet from the Latin derivative plenitās. Other close relatives contributed by Latin include plural, plus, and surplus and the range of words based on the verbal element -plēre ‘fill’ – complete, deplete, implement, replete, supply, etc.
=> complete, deplete, full, implement, plethora, replete, supply[plenty etymology, plenty origin, 英语词源]
resplendent: resplendent: see splendid
splendid: splendid: [17] Splendid comes via French splendide from Latin splendidus, a derivative of the verb splendēre ‘shine’. This went back ultimately to the Indo-European base *splēnd- or *plēnd- ‘bright’, which also produced Old Lithuanian splendeti ‘shine’ and Welsh llathru ‘polish’. Amongst the derivatives adopted by English are resplendent [15], splendiferous [15] (from splendiferus, a medieval alteration of late Latin splendōrifer, literally ‘bearing brightness’, hence ‘full of splendour’ – its modern use, as a jocular alternative to splendid, is a 19th-century American innovation), and splendour [15].
=> resplendent
aplenty (adj.): 1830, originally U.S., from a- (1) + plenty (n.). First attested in writings of J. Fenimore Cooper.
plenary (adj.): 1510s, earlier plenar (mid-13c.), from Old French plenier, from Medieval Latin plenarius "entire, complete," from Latin plenus "full, filled, greatly crowded; stout, pregnant; abundant, abounding; complete," from PIE *pele- (1) "to fill" (see poly-). Related: Plenarily.
plenipotentiary (adj.): 1640s, from French plénipotentiaire and directly from Medieval Latin plenipotentiarius "having full power," from Late Latin plenipotens, from Latin plenus "full" (see plenary) + potentem "powerful" (see potent). As a noun from 1650s.
plenitude (n.): early 15c., from Old French plenitude and directly from Latin plenitudinem (nominative plenitudo) "abundance, completeness, fullness," from plenus "complete, full" (see plenary).
plenteous (adj.): c. 1300, plentivous, from Old French plentiveus "fertile, rich" (early 13c.), from plentif "abundant," from plentee "abundance" (see plenty). Related: Plentifully; plentifulness.
plentiful (adj.): late 15c., from plenty + -ful. Related: Plentifully.
plentitude (n.): 1610s, erroneous form of plenitude.
plenty (n.): mid-13c., "as much as one could desire," from Old French plentee, earlier plentet "abundance, profusion" (12c., Modern French dialectal plenté), from Latin plenitatem (nominative plenitas) "fullness," from plenus "complete, full" (see plenary). Meaning "condition of general abundance" is from late 14c. The colloquial adverb meaning "very much" is first attested 1842. Middle English had parallel formation plenteth, from the older Old French form of the word.
plenum (n.): 1670s, "filled space" (opposite of vacuum), from Latin plenum (spatium) "full (space)," neuter of adjective plenus "complete, full" (see plenary). The meaning "of a full assembly of legislators" is first recorded 1772.
replenish (v.): mid-14c., from Old French repleniss-, extended present participle stem of replenir "to fill up," from re-, here probably an intensive prefix, + -plenir, from Latin plenus "full" (see plenary). Related: Replanished; replenishing.
resplendence (n.): early 15c., from Late Latin resplendentia, from stem of Latin resplendens (see resplendent).
resplendent (adj.): mid-15c., from Latin resplendentem (nominative resplendens) "brilliant, radiant," present participle of resplendere "to glitter, shine," from re-, intensive prefix, + splendere "to shine, be splendid" (see splendid). Related: Resplendently.
simpleness (n.): 14c., "absence of pride," from simple (adj.) + -ness. From late 14c. as "absence of duplicity; ignorance; absence of complexity."
splendid (adj.): 1620s, "marked by grandeur," probably a shortening of earlier splendidious (early 15c.), from Latin splendidus "bright, shining, glittering; sumptuous, gorgeous, grand; illustrious, distinguished, noble; showy, fine, specious," from splendere "be bright, shine, gleam, glisten," from PIE *splend- "to shine, glow" (cognates: Lithuanian splendziu "I shine," Middle Irish lainn "bright"). An earlier form was splendent (late 15c.). From 1640s as "brilliant, dazzling;" 1640s as "conspicuous, illustrious; very fine, excellent." Ironic use (as in splendid isolation, 1843) is attested from 17c.
splendidly (adv.): 1650s, from splendid + -ly (2).
splendiferous (adj.): considered a playful elaboration since its re-birth in 1843, but in 15c. it was good English, from Medieval Latin splendorifer, from splendor (see splendor) + ferre "to bear" (see infer). Compare 15c. splendidious, also splendacious (1843). Bartlett (1859) offers this, allegedly from "An itinerant gospeller ... holding forth to a Kentuckian audience on the kingdom of heaven":
Heaven, my beloved hearers," said he, "is a glorious, a beautiful, a splendiferous, an angeliferous place. Eye hath not seen, ear hath not heard, it has not entered into the imagination of any Cracker in these here diggings what carryings on the just made perfect have up thar."
splendor (n.): mid-15c., from Middle French esplendour, Anglo-French esplendour (Old French splendeur, splendor, 12c.) or directly from Latin splendor "brilliance, brightness," from splendere "be bright, shine" (see splendid).
splendorous (adj.): 1590s, from splendor + -ous. Related: Splendorously; splendorousness.
splendour (n.): chiefly British English spelling of splendor; for ending see -or. Related: Splendourous; splendourously.
splenetic (adj.): 1540s, "pertaining to the spleen," from Late Latin spleneticus, from splen (see spleen). Meaning "irritably morose" is from 1590s. Alternative splenic (1610s) is from French splénique (16c.).
Gloomy, Sullen, Sulky, Morose, Splenetic. These words are arranged in the order of their intensity and of their degree of activity toward others. [Century Dictionary]
spleno-: before vowels splen-, word-forming element meaning "spleen, spleen and," from comb. form of Greek splen (see spleen).
splenomegaly (n.): enlargement of the spleen, 1900, from spleno- + Greek megas "great" (fem. megale; see mickle).
Crimplene: "A synthetic crease-resistant fibre and fabric", 1950s: perhaps from the name of the Crimple valley in Yorkshire, site of the ICI laboratory where the fabric was developed, + -ene.
splendent: "Shining brightly", Late 15th century: from Latin splendent- 'shining', from the verb splendere.
splenius: "Either of two muscles attached to the vertebrae in the neck and upper back which draw back the head", Mid 18th century: modern Latin, from Greek splēnion 'bandage'.
plenilune: "A full moon; the time of a full moon", Late 15th cent.; earliest use found in Higden's Polychronicon. From classical Latin plēnilūnium plenilunium; compare lune, variant of luna.