英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

doppelganger [doppelganger 词源字典]: doppelganger: [19] English borrowed doppelganger from German doppelgänger, which means literally ‘double-goer’. It was originally used in the sense ‘ghostly apparition of a living person, especially one that haunts its real counterpart’ (‘hell-hounds, doppel-gangers, boggleboes’, M A Denham, Denham tracts 1851), but in the course of the 20th century it has become increasingly restricted to a flesh-andblood ‘person identical to another, double’.
=> double[doppelganger etymology, doppelganger origin, 英语词源]
neuter: neuter: [14] From a formal point of view, Latin neuter is virtually identical to English neither. Both originated as compounds formed from a negative particle and an element meaning ‘which of two’. In the case of neuter these were ne and uter, which in combination denoted etymologically ‘neither one thing nor the other’. The specialized application to grammatical gender soon emerged, and it was in this sense that neuter was first adopted into English. The derivative neutral [16] goes back to Latin neutrālis.
auger (n.): c. 1500, faulty separation of Middle English a nauger, from Old English nafogar "nave drill," from Proto-Germanic *nabo-gaizaz (cognates: Old Norse nafarr, Old Saxon nabuger, Old High German nabuger), a compound whose first element is related to nave (n.2) and whose second is identical to Old English gar "a spear, borer" (see gar). For similar misdivisions, see adder. The same change took place in Dutch (avegaar).
chyme (n.): early 15c., "bodily fluid;" c. 1600 in specific sense of "mass of semi-liquid food in the stomach," from Latin chymus, from Greek khymos, nearly identical to khylos (see chyle) and meaning essentially the same thing. Differentiated by Galen, who used khymos for "juice in its natural or raw state," and khylos for "juice produced by digestion," hence the modern distinction.
Homer: name of the supposed author of the "Iliad" and the "Odyssey," from Latin Homerus, from Greek Homeros. The name first occurs in a fragment of Hesiod. It is identical to Greek homeros "hostage," also "blind" (connecting notion is "going with a companion").
homo- (2): word-forming element meaning "homosexual," abstracted since early 20c. from homosexual, and ultimately identical to homo- (1).
Micah: masc. proper name, sixth of the Old Testament prophets, from Hebrew Mikhah, short for Mikhayah, literally "who is like the Lord?" First element identical to that in Michael, for second element, see Jah.
pawn (n.1): "something left as security," late 15c. (mid-12c. as Anglo-Latin pandum), from Old French pan, pant "pledge, security," also "booty, plunder," perhaps from Frankish or some other Germanic source (compare Old High German pfant, German Pfand, Middle Dutch pant, Old Frisian pand "pledge"), from West Germanic *panda, of unknown origin.

The Old French word is identical to pan "cloth, piece of cloth," from Latin pannum (nominative pannus) "cloth, piece of cloth, garment" and Klein's sources feel this is the source of both the Old French and West Germanic words (perhaps on the notion of cloth used as a medium of exchange).
ton (n.1): "measure of weight," late 14c. The quantity necessary to fill a tun or cask of wine, thus identical to tun (q.v.). The spelling difference became firmly established 18c. Ton of bricks in the colloquial figurative sense of what you come down on someone like is from 1884.