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monk [monk 词源字典]: monk: [OE] Etymologically, a monk is someone who lives ‘alone’. The word comes ultimately from late Greek mónachos ‘solitary person, hermit’, which was derived from Greek mónos ‘alone’ (source of the English prefix mono-). It passed into late Latin as monachus (by which time it had come to denote ‘monk’), and eventually found its way to Old English as munuc – whence modern English monk.

Another derivative of Greek mónos was monázein ‘live alone’. On this was based late Greek monastérion, whose late Latin form monastērium has been acquired by English in two distinct phases: first in the Anglo-Saxon period as mynster, which has given modern English minster [OE], and then in the 15th century as monastery.
=> minster, monastery[monk etymology, monk origin, 英语词源]
monastery (n.): c. 1400, from Old French monastere "monastery" (14c.) and directly from Late Latin monasterium, from Ecclesiastical Greek monasterion "a monastery," from monazein "to live alone," from monos "alone" (see mono-). With suffix -terion "place for (doing something)." Originally applied to houses of any religious order, male or female.
propitiation (n.): late 14c., from Late Latin propitiationem (nominative propitiatio) "an atonement," noun of action from past participle stem of Latin propitiare "appease, propitiate," from propitius "favorable, gracious, kind, well-disposed," from pro- "forward" (see pro-) + stem related to petere "to make for, go to; seek, strive after; ask for, beg, beseech, request" (see petition (n.)).

The sense in Latin is perhaps because the word originally was religious, literally "a falling or rushing toward," hence "eager," and, of the gods, "well-disposed." Earliest recorded form of the word in English is propitiatorium "the mercy seat, place of atonement" (c. 1200), translating Greek hilasterion.
propitiatory: c. 1300 (n.) "the mercy seat," from Late Latin propitiatorium (translating Greek hilasterion in Bible); noun use of neuter singular of propitiatorius "atoning, reconciling," from propitiatus, past participle of propitiare (see propitiation). As an adjective in English from 1550s.