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rude[rude 词源字典]

rude: [14] Rude comes via Old French rude from Latin rudis ‘rough, raw’. This seems originally to have denoted ‘rough unpolished stone’ – it was related to Latin rūdus ‘broken stone’ – but its ultimate origins are unknown. From it were derived rudīmentum ‘beginning’ (etymologically ‘raw state’), which has given English rudiment [16], and ērudīre ‘take the roughness out of’, hence ‘polish, teach’, source of English erudite.
=> erudite, rot, rudiment[rude etymology, rude origin, 英语词源]