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sturdy[sturdy 词源字典]

sturdy: [13] Someone who is sturdy is etymologically ‘as drunk as a thrush’ – the ancient Roman equivalent to ‘pissed as a newt’. The word comes from Old French estourdi ‘stunned, dazed, violent’, the past participle of estourdir. This went back to a Vulgar Latin *exturdīre ‘be dazed like a drunken thrush’, a compound verb formed from the intensive prefix ex- and Latin turdus ‘thrush’ (the use of the thrush as a symbol of drunkenness perhaps arose from observations of the birds staggering around after feasting on stolen fermenting wine grapes).

The metaphorical Old French sense ‘violent, reckless’ passed over into English, and by the 14th century had evolved into ‘strong, vigorous, robust’.
[sturdy etymology, sturdy origin, 英语词源]